The ecclesiastical architecture of Scotland from the earliest Christian times to the seventeenth century; vol. 1/3MacGibbon, David
History
The ecclesiastical architecture of Scotland from the earliest Christian times to the seventeenth century; vol. 1/3
MacGibbon, David
Church architecture -- Scotland
The apartment next the sacristy is 28 feet long by 11 feet wide. It has
now been appropriated as a mausoleum, but may have originally been a
parlour. There is an ambry in the south wall near the east end. The
doorway is semicircular, and of Norman character (see Fig. 412).
The east window is plain, and consists of two round-headed openings
enclosed in a large semicircle (see Fig. 411). The above two apartments
are on the level of the cloisters; but the floor of the chapter house,
which is next in order, is several feet below the level of the cloister
walk.
The ordinary central doorway and side windows opening from the cloister
(see Fig. 412) are, however, placed in their usual position on the level
of the cloister walk. The door is thus some five feet above the floor,
and if the doorway was used for access to the chapter house, it must
have been provided with a stair down, of which there is now no trace.
The
[Illustration: FIG. 412.--Dryburgh Abbey. Transept and East Side of
Cloisters.]
[Illustration: FIG. 413.--Dryburgh Abbey. Doorway of Chapter House.]
[Illustration: FIG. 414.--Dryburgh Abbey. Interior of Chapter House.]
side openings were unglazed, and were used for seeing and listening to
what was proceeding in the chapter house below.
The doorway (Fig. 413) is large and deeply recessed, having three shafts
on the sloping ingoing, and plain mouldings above in the round arch,
divided into several orders. The jambs and arch over them are enriched
with a bold dog-tooth moulding. The outer arches of the windows on each
side of the doorway are plain semicircles, filled in with two pointed
lights, having a central shaft.
[Illustration: FIG. 415.--Dryburgh Abbey. Carved Figure in Chapter
House.]
The chapter house is 48 feet in length by 23 feet in width, and retains
its round barrel vault (Fig. 414), which is about 20 feet in height. It
has three pointed windows in the east end (see Fig. 411) and two similar
windows in the side walls, where the chapter house projects beyond the
general line of the buildings. In the interior a round arched arcade
runs along the east side, supported on single shafts, and there are
traces of a similar arcade having run round the side walls. There is an
entrance doorway in the south wall, which is probably not original, and
the approach to it has been modernised. The east gable wall over the
chapter house still exists (see Fig. 411.) It has simple flat
buttresses of a Norman type at the angles and between the windows, but
the pointed arches indicate transition work.
Amongst the fragments of carved work preserved in the chapter house is
that shown in Fig. 415. It represents the pascal lamb slain,
[Illustration: FIG. 416.--Dryburgh Abbey. South-West Angle of
Cloisters.]
and is surrounded by a wreath of foliage, above which are the letters I
H S. The vine leaves flowing from the lamb may represent the branches
springing from the true vine.
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