The ecclesiastical architecture of Scotland from the earliest Christian times to the seventeenth century; vol. 1/3 — John Shaqi
The ecclesiastical architecture of Scotland from the earliest Christian times to the seventeenth century; vol. 1/3MacGibbon, David
History
The ecclesiastical architecture of Scotland from the earliest Christian times to the seventeenth century; vol. 1/3
MacGibbon, David
Church architecture -- Scotland
In 1115 Alexander introduced a colony of Canons Regular to Scone, from
Nastley Abbey, in Yorkshire, and some years later he brought canons to
the Diocese of Dunkeld, and in 1122 he founded a Priory of Canons
Regular on an island at the east end of Loch Tay.[52]
Alexander was succeeded by his brother, David I., who carried out
vigorously the same ecclesiastical policy. While still Prince of
Cumbria, he, about 1115, appointed an inquisition of the elders and wise
men of Cumbria to inquire into the lands and churches which formerly
belonged to the See of Glasgow. The Prince appointed his tutor John to
the revived bishopric, and in 1147 a dean and chapter, after the model
of Sarum, were introduced. On his accession to the throne David
proceeded diligently with the establishment of bishoprics and
monasteries. It is said of him by Ailred of Rivaux[53] that, “Whereas he
had found in the whole kingdom of Scotland three or four bishoprics
only, what with ancient ones which he restored and new ones which he
founded, he left nine at his death.” The bishoprics which existed at his
accession were those of St. Andrews, Moray, and Dunkeld. Those he
founded were the Dioceses of Rosemarkie, Ross, Aberdeen, and Caithness.
Glasgow, as we have seen, he re-established, and the See of Galloway was
also restored.
Under King David I. a final effort was made to suppress the Culdees, or
rather to absorb them into the general system as approved by Rome. Those
of St. Andrews were with difficulty dispossessed. The Culdees of
Lochleven were suppressed. Those of Monymusk, in Aberdeenshire, were
brought under the control of the Bishop of St. Andrews. Not only were
the old establishments suppressed, but new monastic orders were
everywhere introduced, Dunfermline Abbey was remodelled and Benedictines
brought to it from Canterbury. The same order was introduced at Urquhart
in Inverness-shire. After Moray had been brought into subjection, the
Monastery of Kinloss was founded and peopled with Cistercians from
Melrose. Of other monastic institutions throughout the country many
others were re-established on a new footing and received the
benefactions of the king. In 1113 he had (as Earl) founded a monastery
at Selkirk for Benedictine Monks of the Order of Tyron. This was
afterwards removed to Kelso, while the establishments of Melrose,
Dundrennan, Newbattle, Coldingham, Holyrood, Cambuskenneth were fostered
and strengthened.
The efforts of King David in the first half of the twelfth century
carried out vigorously in Scotland the system inaugurated by St.
Margaret, which was, indeed, the distinguishing feature of the period
throughout Europe. He, no doubt, had policy as well as religion in view,
and believed that in importing numerous bands of educated monks into the
border lands of his kingdom, both in the North and South, he was doing
the best possible to spread the benefits of education and civilisation
in those unsettled localities, and was thus consolidating his dominion.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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