This church is situated between the cathedral wall on the north-east and the sea (see =C=, Fig. 457). It was entirely lost sight of till the year 1860, when the foundations were exposed. Little else remains except the foundations. The east wall rises about 3 feet above the ground, and the other walls run from nearly level with the surface to about 2 feet in height. The structure (Fig. 460) consisted of a nave, transepts, and chancel. The nave and chancel do not coincide in their orientation. There was probably a low central tower supported on four arches, with a stair to the tower at the north-west corner, where the foundation of what appears to have been the stair turret is traceable. The remains of a bench are visible in the north transept. The chancel is the best preserved portion, and is of the first pointed period. It has a base all round, including the buttresses, of which those at the north-east corner have disappeared. There has been a narrow splayed doorway on the north side. A projecting piece of masonry in the south wall may have been a sedilia. A large square of masonry, 11 feet by 4 feet 4 inches, at the east end suggests the position of an altar. There is an early slab in the chancel, carved with a cross, set on steps, and a sword beside it. Another monument, of a hog-backed type, lies to the north of the nave. The existence of other stones at further distances indicate this as the position of an ancient cemetery. The masonry of the chancel is finer than that of the nave and transept, but which is the earlier it is not possible to say with any confidence. [Illustration: FIG. 460.--St. Mary’s Church. Plan.] The history of this chapel, with a descriptive account, will be found in the _Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries_, Session 1860-61, Vol. IV. p. 82. The internal dimensions of the chapel are:--Length of nave, 27 feet; width, 18 feet 11 inches. Length of chancel, 46 feet 8½ inches; width, 20 feet 2 inches. Total length inside, 97 feet 11½ inches; outside, 105 feet. ARBROATH ABBEY, FORFARSHIRE. The ancient town of Arbroath stands on the east coast of Forfarshire, and the massive ruins of its great abbey, as seen from the sea, rising above the houses of the town, present an image of decay and desolation. The abbey was founded by King William the Lion towards the end of the twelfth century. It was richly endowed, and soon became one of the wealthiest and most powerful monasteries in the kingdom. The inmates were of the Tironensian order, and the first monks were brought to Arbroath from Kelso Abbey.