The ecclesiastical architecture of Scotland from the earliest Christian times to the seventeenth century; vol. 3/3MacGibbon, David
History
The ecclesiastical architecture of Scotland from the earliest Christian times to the seventeenth century; vol. 3/3
MacGibbon, David
Church architecture -- Scotland
In Rosslyn College we have the finest example of the late Scottish forms
of vaulting carried out to their fullest extent, together with some
exceptional designs. This church differs from most of the other
collegiate churches in having side aisles, and also in having groined
vaults in the east end. The plan of the latter portion of the building,
being copied from the arrangement at the east end of Glasgow Cathedral,
has been carried out with groining, in imitation of the original; but in
the other parts of the structure the vaulting conforms to that of the
third pointed period in Scotland. The main central roof is covered with
a continuous pointed barrel vault without a break, except an ornamental
rib over each division of the bays. The soffits of each panel of the
arch thus formed are carved with stars, fleur-de-lys, and other
enrichments. The side aisles are also covered with a series of pointed
barrel vaults. Each of these aisle vaults forms an extension of the main
pier arch of the choir, carried across the aisle at right angles to the
main choir. The Scottish plan of avoiding groins is thus adhered to. The
above arrangement of the aisle vaults also enables the aisle windows to
be carried up to a good height. The barrel vaults across the aisles rest
on flat arches (made to resemble straight lintels), which run between
the caps of the main piers and the responds against the walls. The whole
construction recalls that of a castle with a large central hall roofed
with a barrel vault, and having a series of side chambers entering off
it, each covered with its separate barrel vault running at right angles
to the main building. If the partitions between these side chambers were
removed, and plain arches or lintels substituted, the construction would
be exactly that of Rosslyn Church. Such a series of chambers, with
barrel vaults running at right angles to a passage, is of common
occurrence in the ground floors of the Scottish castles. An exceptional
feature connected with the main vault of Rosslyn Church is that the same
stones which form the interior arch also form the outside roof--the
usual overlapping stone covering being omitted, possibly to avoid the
extra weight. The exterior of the roof is thus curved like the interior.
During the late pointed period many varieties of details were indulged
in. The buttresses are generally somewhat stunted. They are plain and
solid, and have often rather elaborate canopies and corbels for statues
placed on the front of the buttresses, without recessed niches. The
buttresses have frequently numerous set-offs, and are generally finished
with stunted square pinnacles having crocketed finials. The windows are
almost always pointed, and contain simple tracery derived from the
earlier styles. The copying of the forms of the older styles is
specially noticeable in the windows and traceries.
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