In a word, nearly one half of the manure used on large estates is procured by the small farmers who are compelled to neglect their own fields. Quite a number of statements to this effect are produced in the Appendices to the _Statistical Reports for the Gubernia of Ryazañ_. [158] _Statistical Reports for the Gubernia of Voronezh_, vol. I., p. 234. [159] The total of this table exceeds the total of plough land in large estates by 1119 dessiatines, which amounts to 2 per cent. of the whole area, and could by no means influence the inferences drawn from the table. The difference concerns small tenure, on which the statements are slightly at variance with those of the large landholders. Peasant tenure in the district is represented by the following figures: _Rented for money rental._ _Dessiatines._ In all 25992 Tenements over 50 dessiatines 474 ----- Small tenure 25518 Held from small estates (of under 50 dessiatines) 1292 ----- Held from large estates (of over 50 dessiatines) 24226 (_Cf._ _op. cit._, p. 251, column 18; p. 273, col. 65. Upon tenure for share in crops, p. 251, col. 14, and cols. 55-56 on pp. 276-335.) [160] _Ploughland in small tenure._ _Dessiatines._ In all 25309 Manured 51 This topic was very fully discussed by Prof. Engelhardt in his _Letters from the Village_. [161] +-------------------------+-------+-------------+----------------------+ | | | | Arable yearly under | | Estates | | | cultivation. | | with large |Number.|Average size,+------------+---------+ | agriculture. | |dessiatines. |Dessiatines.|Per cent.| +-------------------------+-------+-------------+------------+---------+ |The fields fertilized | 146 | 686 | 33809 | 91 | |The fields not fertilized| 44 | 215 | 3373 | 9 | | +-------+-------------+------------+---------+ | Total | 190 | 577 | 37182 | 100 | | | | | | | |Estates in small tenure | 64 | 244 | | | +-------------------------+-------+-------------+------------+---------+ [162] As for peasant agriculture; _Cf._ _loc. cit._, p. 101. [163]