The Economics of the Russian VillageHourwich, Isaac A. (Isaac Aaronovich)
History
The Economics of the Russian Village
Hourwich, Isaac A. (Isaac Aaronovich)
Agricultural laborers -- Russia; Land tenure -- Russia; Mir; Peasants; Thesis (Ph. D.)
+-------------------+-------+--------+-----------+----------------------+
| | | |Households.| Land (Dessiatines.) |
| |Commu- |Revision+-----+-----+------+--------+------+
| Title of |nities.| males. | | | | To one |To one|
| Possession. | | |Num- |Per |Total.|revision|house-|
| | | |ber. |cent.| | male. |hold. |
+-------------------+-------+--------+-----+-----+------+--------+------+
|Communal land: | | | | | | | |
| _a._ allotted | 28 | 465 | 158 | 100 | 1180| 2.5 | 7.5 |
| _b._ rented | | | ? | | 314| | |
|Tenure from | | | 107 | 68 | 666| | 6.2 |
| landlords | | | | | | | |
|Private property | | | 14 | 9 | 147| | 10.5 |
| | | +-----+-----+ | | |
| | | | 121 | 77 | | | |
| +-------+--------+-----+-----+------+--------+------+
|In all | 28 | 465 | 158 | 100 | 2307| 5.0 | 14.6 |
|Total in the region| | | | | | | |
| (allotted land) | 653 | 90031 |36126| |294443| 3.3 | 8.1 |
+-------------------+-------+--------+-----+-----+------+--------+------+
Still land tenure is unequally distributed among the peasantry, thanks
to legal discrimination. The main distinctions date from the reforms
of 1861 and 1866. Here is the proportion of land to population in the
several classes of the peasantry of our region:
+-----------------------+----------------+----------------+
| | In every 100. |To each peasant.|
|Districts and Classes. +---------+------+----------------+
| |Peasants.| Dessiatines. |
+-----------------------+---------+------+----------------+
|_Ranenburg_: | | | |
| Former serfs | 59.9 | 45.4 | 1.0 |
| Former state peasants| 39.9 | 54.4 | 1.7 |
| | | | |
|_Dankoff_: | | | |
| Former serfs | 64.1 | 50.0 | 1.1 |
| Former state peasants| 35.4 | 49.4 | 1.9 |
+-----------------------+---------+------+----------------+
That the disproportion is not the result of subsequent alterations in
population or property can be seen from the comparison between the
average lot fixed by law for the former serf in 1861, and that given to
the former state peasant in 1866:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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