Column 2: Crossed Plants. Column 3: Self-fertilised Plants. Pot 1 : 8 2/8 : 0 2/8. Pot 1 : 7 4/8 : 2 4/8. Pot 1 : 5 : 1 2/8. Pot 2 : 5 : 6. Pot 2 : 4 : 4. Pot 2 : 4 4/8 : 3 1/8. Pot 3 : 9 4/8 : 3 1/8. Pot 3 : 3 3/8 : 1 7/8. Pot 3 : 8 4/8 : 0 5/8. Pot 4 : 4 7/8 : 2 1/8. Pot 4 : 4 2/8 : 1 6/8. Pot 4 : 4 : 2 1/8. Pot 5 : 6 : 3. Pot 5 : 3 3/8 : 1 4/8. Total : 78.13 : 33.25. The average height of the fourteen crossed plants is here 5.58 inches, and that of the fourteen self-fertilised 2.37; or as 100 to 42. In four out of the five pots, a crossed plant flowered before any one of the self-fertilised; as likewise occurred with the pair raised during the previous year. These plants without being disturbed were now turned out of their pots and planted in the open ground, so as to form five separate clumps. Early in the following summer (1869) they flowered profusely, and being visited by humble-bees set many capsules, which were carefully collected from all the plants on both sides. The crossed plants produced 167 capsules, and the self-fertilised only 17; or as 100 to 10. So that the crossed plants were more than twice the height of the self-fertilised, generally flowered first, and produced ten times as many naturally fertilised capsules. By the early part of the summer of 1870 the crossed plants in all the five clumps had grown and spread so much more than the self-fertilised, that any comparison between them was superfluous. The crossed plants were covered with a sheet of bloom, whilst only a single self-fertilised plant, which was much finer than any of its brethren, flowered. The crossed and self-fertilised plants had now grown all matted together on the respective sides of the superficial partitions still separating them; and in the clump which included the finest self-fertilised plant, I estimated that the surface covered by the crossed plants was about nine times as large as that covered by the self-fertilised plants. The extraordinary superiority of the crossed over the self-fertilised plants in all five clumps, was no doubt due to the crossed plants at first having had a decided advantage over the self-fertilised, and then robbing them more and more of their food during the succeeding seasons. But we should remember that the same result would follow in a state of nature even to a greater degree; for my plants grew in ground kept clear of weeds, so that the self-fertilised had to compete only with the crossed plants; whereas the whole surface of the ground is naturally covered with various kinds of plants, all of which have to struggle together for existence.