The State exerts itself to tame the desirous man; in other words, it
seeks to direct his desire to it alone, and to _content_ that desire
with what it offers. To sate the desire for the desirous man's sake does
not come into its mind: on the contrary, it stigmatizes as an "egoistic
man" the man who breathes out unbridled desire, and the "egoistic man"
is its enemy. He is this for it because the capacity to agree with him
is wanting to the State; the egoist is precisely what it cannot
"comprehend." Since the State (as nothing else is possible) has to do
only for itself, it does not take care for my needs, but takes care only
of how it shall make away with me, _i. e._ make out of me another ego, a
good citizen. It takes measures for the "improvement of morals."--And
with what does it win individuals for itself? With itself, _i. e._ with
what is the State's, with _State property_. It will be unremittingly
active in making all participants in its "goods," providing all with the
"good things of culture": it presents them its education, opens to them
the access to its institutions of culture, capacitates them to come to
property (_i. e._ to a fief) in the way of industry, etc. For all these
_fiefs_ it demands only the just rent of continual _thanks_. But the
"unthankful" forget to pay these thanks.--Now, neither can "society" do
essentially otherwise than the State.
You bring into a union your whole power, your competence, and _make
yourself count_; in a society you are _employed_, with your working
power; in the former you live egoistically, in the latter humanly,
_i. e._ religiously, as a "member in the body of this Lord"; to a
society you owe what you have, and are in duty bound to it,
are--possessed by "social duties"; a union you utilize, and give it up
undutifully and unfaithfully when you see no way to use it further. If
a society is more than you, then it is more to you than yourself; a
union is only your instrument, or the sword with which you sharpen and
increase your natural force; the union exists for you and through you,
the society conversely lays claim to you for itself and exists even
without you; in short, the society is _sacred_, the union your _own_;
the society consumes _you_, _you_ consume the union.
Nevertheless people will not be backward with the objection that the
agreement which has been concluded may again become burdensome to us and
limit our freedom; they will say, we too would at last come to this,
that "every one must sacrifice a part of his freedom for the sake of the
generality." But the sacrifice would not be made for the "generality's"
sake a bit, as little as I concluded the agreement for the
"generality's" or even, for any other man's sake; rather I came into it
only for the sake of my own benefit, from _selfishness_.[209] But, as
regards the sacrificing, surely I "sacrifice" only that which does not
stand in my power, _i. e._ I "sacrifice" nothing at all.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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