Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net. (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) THE ELEMENTS OF BLOWPIPE ANALYSIS [Illustration] THE ELEMENTS OF BLOWPIPE ANALYSIS BY FREDERICK HUTTON GETMAN, F.C.S. INSTRUCTOR IN CHEMISTRY IN THE STAMFORD HIGH SCHOOL New York THE MACMILLAN COMPANY LONDON: MACMILLAN & CO., LTD. 1899 _All rights reserved_ COPYRIGHT, 1899, BY THE MACMILLAN COMPANY. Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Norwood Mass. U.S.A. Transcriber's note: A word surrounded by underscores like _this_ signifies the word is italics in the text. A word surrounded by cedillas like ~this~, signifies the word is bolded in the text. For numbers and equations, underscores before bracketed numbers in equations denote a subscript. PREFACE These few pages are intended to serve a twofold purpose,--to give the student a general outline of Blowpipe Analysis, and to introduce him to the methods of Determinative Mineralogy. Every effort has been made to simplify details so that the book may be used in both High Schools and Colleges. Tables for "systematic" examination have been intentionally omitted, for in the author's estimation these tend to dull the student's power of observation, and to make him place little value upon minute details. The alphabetic arrangement has been followed for the sake of convenience when referring to the book. The last chapter is not intended to serve as a key to determining the minerals therein described, but rather it is added to give the student exercise in Blowpipe Analysis, and at the same time to point out the _methods_ of Determinative Mineralogy. Finally, the author would acknowledge his indebtedness to the following works: "Manual of Qualitative Analysis," Fresenius; "Qualitative Chemical Analysis," Venable; Roscoe and Schorlemmer's "Treatise on Chemistry"; Foye's "Hand-Book of Mineralogy"; Dana's "Mineralogy"; Kobell's "Tafeln zur Bestimmung der Mineralien"; etc. FREDERICK HUTTON GETMAN. STAMFORD, CONN., Feb. 22, 1899. TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I PAGE Apparatus and Reagents 1-7 CHAPTER II General Outline of Blowpipe Analysis 8 Definitions 9 Examination on Charcoal Alone 10 Examination on Charcoal with Sodium Carbonate 13 Examination in Tube with Sodium Carbonate and Charcoal 15 Examination on Platinum Wire 16 Examination in Borax Bead 17 Examination with Cobalt Nitrate 20 CHAPTER III General Reactions for the Detection of the Metallic Elements in Simple Compounds 22