195. As to each leaf separately, it is sometimes _straight_ and open in vernation, but more commonly it is either _bent_, _folded_, or _rolled up_. When the upper part is bent down upon the lower, as the young blade in the Tulip-tree is bent upon the leaf-stalk, it is said to be _Inflexed_ or _Reclined_ in vernation. When folded by the midrib so that the two halves are placed face to face, it is _Conduplicate_ (Fig. 193), as in the Magnolia, the Cherry, and the Oak. When folded back and forth like the plaits of a fan, it is _Plicate_ or _Plaited_ (Fig. 194), as in the Maple and Currant. If rolled, it may be so either from the tip downwards, as in Ferns and the Sundew (Fig. 197), when in unrolling it resembles the head of a crosier, and is said to be _Circinate_; or it may be rolled up parallel with the axis, either from one edge into a coil, when it is _Convolute_ (Fig. 195), as in the Apricot and Plum; or rolled from both edges towards the midrib,--sometimes inwards, when it is _Involute_ (Fig. 198), as in the Violet and Water-Lily; sometimes outwards, when it is _Revolute_ (Fig. 196), in the Rosemary and Azalea. The figures are diagrams, representing sections through the leaf, in the way they were represented by Linnæus. [Illustration: Fig. 193. 194. 195. 196. 197. 198.] Section VIII. FLOWERS. 196. Flowers are for the production of seed (16). Stems and branches, which for a time put forth leaves for vegetation, may at length put forth flowers for reproduction. § 1. POSITION AND ARRANGEMENT OF FLOWERS, OR INFLORESCENCE. 197. Flower-buds appear just where leaf-buds appear; that is, they are either _terminal_ or _axillary_ (47-49). Morphologically, flowers answer to shoots or branches, and their parts to leaves. 198. In the same species the flowers are usually from axillary buds only, or from terminal buds only; but in some they are both axillary and terminal. 199. =Inflorescence=, which is the name used by Linnæus to signify mode of flower-arrangement, is accordingly of three classes: namely, _Indeterminate_, when the flowers are in the axils of leaves, that is, are from axillary buds; _Determinate_, when they are from terminal buds, and so _terminate_ a stem or branch; and _Mixed_, when these two are combined. 200. =Indeterminate Inflorescence= (likewise, and for the same reason, called _indefinite inflorescence_) is so named because, as the flowers all come from axillary buds, the terminal bud may keep on growing and prolong the stem indefinitely. This is so in Moneywort (Fig. 199). [Illustration: Fig. 199. Piece of a flowering-stem of Moneywort (Lysimachia nummularia,) with single flowers successively produced in the axils of the leaves, from below upwards, as the stem grows on.] 201. When flowers thus arise singly from the axils of ordinary leaves, they are _axillary_ and _solitary_, not collected into flower-clusters.