The Employments of Women: A Cyclopædia of Woman's WorkPenny, Virginia
General
The Employments of Women: A Cyclopædia of Woman's Work
Penny, Virginia
Women -- Employment
Ordinary female hands are paid about one half as much as men of the same
stamp; best workwomen about two thirds of same grade of men. Men are
employed where it would be too difficult and laborious for women. For
most work, a very short time is needed to learn; for the higher grades,
often many months or years, according to capacity of worker. Common
hands can earn fifty cents at once, and we would pay about that, or
more, while learning the better description of work; but should not
continue it, if they did not improve. A quick eye and hand, and a desire
to give satisfaction, are the best qualifications. The prospect for
employment in this branch is good. All the year work is furnished.
Average time through the year for work is ten hours forty minutes. It is
probable that a mill, where all hands were interested to do their best,
would turn off as much work in ten hours as a similar mill would in
eleven or twelve hours, where the hands were indifferent or careless.
There are but few linen mills in this country, and probably in none of
them is there a superfluity of good hands. We employ one hundred and
twenty women and children. The work is different from that of the men.
Our workwomen are mostly foreigners--Scotch, English, and some Irish.
There is as much comfort in this occupation as laboring people would
expect. The women pursue different branches. We find a great difference
in the capacity of different women, but cannot suggest any superiority
or inferiority as regards sexes. The general intellect among our women
is very fair for foreigners, but would not be considered remarkable for
Americans. Their evenings are their own, although there have been times,
occasionally, when we have worked till nine o'clock, paying, of course,
for extra work. The mill has a good library, and there is usually
evening school in winter for those who wish to attend."
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