The Employments of Women: A Cyclopædia of Woman's Work — John Shaqi
The Employments of Women: A Cyclopædia of Woman's WorkPenny, Virginia
General
The Employments of Women: A Cyclopædia of Woman's Work
Penny, Virginia
Women -- Employment
We think the time spent in acquiring a knowledge of different
occupations is not at all proportioned to the variety of work and the
skill required for proficiency in each. For instance, an occupation that
could be learned in six months, must have three years' labor given;
while an occupation that it requires twenty years to excel in, has the
usual apprenticeship of three years. By the way, could not the most of
those pursuits now requiring three years' time of serving be mastered in
a shorter period?
Supply and demand must ever regulate, to a great extent, the wages of
women as well as men. We think, in the different departments of woman's
labor, both physical and mental, there exists a want of harmony of labor
done and the compensation; also, between the time given and the
occupation. For instance, a gilder in a bookbindery gets $6 a week, or
$1 a day of ten hours, which is equal to ten cents an hour. A girl, at
most mechanical employments, receives, for her sixty hours' labor, $3 a
week, which is equal to five cents an hour. A cook, who requires as much
preparation as either, for ninety hours' labor will receive her board
and washing, say $2, and $2 a week as wages, $4, equal to four and a
half cents an hour. Confectioners' girls, in some of the best
establishments in New York, spend seventeen, and some even eighteen
hours, attending to their duties, and receive only $2, and board and
washing, $4.50, equal to two and a half cents an hour. Some seamstresses
sew fifteen hours a day, and earn but thirty cents, equal to two cents
an hour, without board.
Where there are discrepancies about the seasons for any particular kind
of work, as given by different parties, it will usually be found to
arise from some of the number being engaged in the wholesale business,
selling to people from the South and West; others selling to city
traders, or retail merchants selling to city customers.
When there is a repetition of statements on the same subject, it will be
observed that it arises from the information being given by different
individuals.
I have used the words girl and woman indiscriminately, except when
mention is made of the age of the girls.
I would take this opportunity of returning my thanks to all who have
been so kind as to furnish me with any information, or directed me how
to obtain it.
Some errors will no doubt be observed by persons in their special
branches of labor. By writing to the author, attention will hereafter be
paid to the correction of such errors.
NATURE OF THE CONTENTS.
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