Empresses -- Rome -- Biography; Women -- Rome -- Biography
The suggestion of poison is frivolous. Trajan had been ailing for
months, and his assiduous travelling in a climate so different from
that to which he had been accustomed all his life must have worn
him out. He arrived in Asia Minor in the sweltering and dangerous
month of August, and a touch of the enteric fever which so commonly
overcame the European in the insanitary East of the time put an end
to his life. Plotina had for some time urged him to nominate Hadrian
as his successor. We must not hastily infer from his reluctance that
he thought Hadrian unfit to succeed him. He had just left him in a
position of the gravest responsibility, and must have appreciated
what a great historian calls Hadrian’s “vast and active genius.” But
he may not have deemed it proper for him to dictate to the Senate how
they should exercise their power of choice. What actually occurred
is certainly obscure. A letter was dispatched to the Senate, after
Trajan’s death, in which Hadrian was nominated, and Dio says that
the signature was put to this letter by Plotina. One would imagine
that such a deception, as Dio represents it to be, would easily be
detected and resented by Hadrian’s powerful enemies in the Senate. It
is probable that, as Merivale supposes, the letter was really dictated
by Trajan, and the signing of it by Plotina was only formal. We may
admit Dio’s narrative of facts, yet believe that the Empress was merely
carrying out Trajan’s will.
On the other hand, there is no reason to quarrel with, or put a base
interpretation on, her zeal for the succession of Hadrian. We shall
see how well he maintained the sound work of Trajan. He was at once
summoned to Selinus, to consult with Plotina and with the elderly
Senator Attianus, who had been his guardian together with Trajan, and
had been as zealous as the Empress in urging his advancement. They
decided that Hadrian must return to his post at Antioch, and Plotina
set out for Rome with the ashes of her husband in a golden urn. The
last resting-place of Trajan was under the magnificent column which
still bears witness in Rome to his many victories, and for centuries
afterwards the most flattering compliment that the Senators could pay
to an Emperor was to cry that he was “more fortunate than Augustus, and
better than Trajan.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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