Empresses -- Rome -- Biography; Women -- Rome -- Biography
Constantius proceeded, as he usually did whenever it was possible,
by craft instead of force. The Prefect of the East had been slain by
the people of Antioch, with the guilty connivance of Gallus, and a
new Prefect, named Domitian, was sent to Antioch, together with the
Prefect of the Palace, Montius. Domitian had orders to secure, by the
most tactful and seductive means, that Gallus should visit Italy, and
walk into the pit dug for him. He was, however, a sturdy officer, more
sensible of the just substance than the form of his instructions.
Gallus and Constantina were at once insulted because, on the day of
his arrival, he drove insolently past the gate of the palace, and
went straight to his villa. They then condescended to invite him to
the palace. In the presence of the hated rulers he laid aside all
pretence of diplomacy, and roughly ordered the Cæsar to proceed at once
to Italy, or incur the just resentment of the Emperor. Gallus, stung
by his insolence, at once gave the Prefect into the custody of the
soldiers. Montius, who was present, and who also had lost all feeling
for diplomacy in the passionate encounter, remonstrated with Gallus,
adding the taunt that a man who had no power to dismiss one of his
magistrates had no right to imprison a Prefect of the East. We are
assured by Philostorgius that Constantina flew at the official, dragged
him from the tribunal, and pushed him into the hands of the guard.
We may prefer the more sober version of Ammianus. Gallus impetuously
called upon the troops and the people of Antioch to defend their ruler,
and they responded with surprising alacrity. The distinguished officers
of Constantius were bound hand and foot, dragged through the streets
until the last spark of life was extinct, and then flung into the river.
Still Constantius hesitated to enter upon a civil war with the East,
and the unscrupulous cunning which dictated his policy discovered an
alternative procedure. First, the commander of the cavalry in the East
was summoned to Milan, that the danger of a rising might be lessened.
Then, a series of letters, couched in the most friendly and mendacious
terms, were sent to the Cæsar. Constantius was eager to see his beloved
sister once more, and to confer with his Cæsar. For some time they
resisted the invitation, but at length Constantina, less apprehensive
of personal injury, set out for Italy. She died on the journey, at
Cœnum in Bithynia, of fever, and her remains were buried at Rome. She
was still in her early thirties at the time of her death. The single
deed that is recorded in praise of her is that she and Gallus planted
a Christian church in the dissolute grove of Daphne, and drew the
austerity of the new faith upon that region of sensuous superstition
and sensual license. Her share in that act of piety may be put in the
scale against her avarice, cruelty, selfishness, and unbridled temper.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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