The Energy System of Matter: A Deduction from Terrestrial Energy PhenomenaWeir, James, active 1883-1912
Science
The Energy System of Matter: A Deduction from Terrestrial Energy Phenomena
Weir, James, active 1883-1912
Force and energy
Throughout this description we have constantly assumed the atmospheric
mixture of oxygen and nitrogen to act as one gas, and at ordinary
temperatures the respective energy properties of the two substances (§
35) make this assumption justifiable. Both gases are then working far
above their respective evaporation temperatures. But, in the higher
regions of the atmosphere, where very low temperatures prevail, a point
or altitude will be reached where the temperature corresponds to the
evaporation or condensation temperature of one of the gases. Since
oxygen appears to have the highest temperature of evaporation (see Table
of Properties, p. 133), it would naturally be the first to condense in
the ascent. But immediately condensation takes place, the material will
become susceptible to the incepting influence of the sun, and working as
it does at its temperature of evaporation it will convey its energy to
the surrounding nitrogen in precisely the same fashion as the aqueous
vapour conveys the energy to the aerial mixture in the lower atmosphere.
The whole action is made possible simply by the difference existing in
the respective evaporation temperatures of the two gases. It will give
rise to another cyclical atmospheric energy process exactly as already
described for lower altitudes. Axial energy of rotation will be
communicated to the nitrogen by the working material, which is now the
oxygen, and by the movement of the nitrogen masses towards regions of
low velocity, this transmitted energy will be finally returned to its
original axial form.
It has been already explained (§§ 10, 32) how all terrestrial energy
processes, also, great or small, are sooner or later linked to the
general atmospheric machine. The latter, therefore, presents in every
phase of its working completely closed energy circuits. In no aspect of
its operation can we find any evidence of, or indeed any necessity for,
an energy transmission either to or from any external body or agent such
as the sun. Every phenomenon of Nature is, in fact, a direct denial of
such transmission.
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