The only person of the plural number originally ending in dh is the second; as _s['o]keith_, _prennat_, _kallith_, _lufiadh_; the original ending of the first person being _-mes_, or _-m_, as _prennames_, _s[^o]kjam_, _koellum_. Now, in Anglo-Saxon, the _first_ person ends in dh, as _lufiadh_. Has _-m_, or _-mes_, changed to dh, or has the second person superseded the first? The latter alternative seems the likelier. s. 351. The detail of the persons seems to be as follows:-- _I call_, first person singular.--The word _call_ is not one person more than another. It is the simple verb, wholly uninflected. It is very probable that the first person was the {298} one where the characteristic termination was first lost. In the Modern Norse language it is replaced by the second: _Jeg taler_=_I speak_, Danish. _Thou callest_, second person singular.--The final _-t_ appears throughout the Anglo-Saxon, although wanting in Old Saxon. In Old High German it begins to appear in Otfrid, and is general in Notker. In Middle High German and New High German it is universal.--Deutsche Grammatik, i. 1041. 857. _He calleth_, or _he calls_, third person singular.--The _-s_ in _calls_ is the _-th_ in _calleth_, changed. The Norse form _kallar_ either derives its _-r_ from the _-th_ by way of change, or else the form is that of the second person replacing the first. _Lufiadh_, Anglo-Saxon, first person plural.--The second person in the place of the first. The same in Old Saxon. _Lufiadh_, Anglo-Saxon, third person plural.--Possibly changed from -ND, as in _s[^o]kjand_. More probably the second person. _Loven_, Old English.--For all the persons of the plural. This form may be accounted for in three ways: 1. The _-m_ of the Moeso-Gothic and High Old German became _-n_; as it is in the Middle and Modern German, where all traces of the original _-m_ are lost. In this case the first person has replaced the other two. 2. The _-nd_ may have become _-n_; in which case it is the third person that replaces the others. 3. The indicative form _loven_ may have arisen out of a subjunctive one; since there was in Anglo-Saxon the form _lufion_, or _lufian_, subjunctive. In the Modern Norse languages the third person replaces the other two: _Vi tale_, _I tale_, _de tale_=_we talk_, _ye talk_, _they talk_. s. 352. _The person in_ -T.--_Art_, _wast_, _wert_, _shalt_, _wilt_. Here the second person singular ends, not in _-st_, but in _-t_. A reason for this (though not wholly satisfactory) we find in the Moeso-Gothic and the Icelandic. In those languages the form of the person changes with the tense, and the second singular of the praeterite tense of one conjugation is, not _-s_, but _-t_; as Moeso-Gothic, _sv[^o]r_=_I swore_, _sv[^o]rt_=_thou swarest_, _gr['a]ip_=_I griped_, _gr['a]ipt_=_thou gripedst_; Icelandic, _brannt_=_thou burnest_, _gaft_=_thou_ {299} _gavest_. In the same languages ten verbs are conjugated like praeterites. Of these, in each language, _skal_ is one.