_a._ Were there Jutes in England? That there was a Jute element in England is to be maintained, not upon the _tradition_ that one of the three ships of Hengist and Horsa was manned by Jutes, but from the following extract from the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle:-- "Of Jotum comon Cantware and Wihtware, thaet is seo maeiadh, the n['u] eardath on Wiht, and thaet cynn on West-Sexum dhe man gyt haet I['u]tnacynn. Of Eald-Seaxum comon E['a]st-Seaxan, and Sudh-Seaxan, and West-Seaxan. Of Angle comon {11} (se ['a] sidhdhan st['o]d westig betwix I['u]tum and Seaxum) E['a]st-Engle, Middel-Angle, Mearce, and ealle Nordhymbra." From the Jutes came the inhabitants of Kent and of Wight, that is, the race that now dwells in Wight, and that tribe amongst the West-Saxons which is yet called the Jute tribe. From the Old-Saxons came the East-Saxons, and South-Saxons, and West-Saxons. From the Angles Land (which has since always stood waste betwixt the Jutes and Saxons) came the East-Angles, Middle-Angles, Mercians, and all the Northumbrians. Here the words _gyt haet I['u]tnacynn_ constitute cotemporary evidence. Still there is a flaw in it; since it is quite possible that the term _I['u]tnacynn_ may have been no true denomination of a section of the Germans of England, but only the synonym of a different word, _Wiht-saetan_. Alfred writes--comon hi of thrym folcum tham strangestan Germaniae; thaet of _Seaxum_, and of _Angle_, and of _Geatum_. Of Geatum fruman sindon Cantware and _Wiht-saetan_, thaet is seo the['o]d se Wiht thaet ealond on eardadh--_they came of three folk, the strongest of Germany; that of_ Saxons _and of_ Angles, _and of_ Geats. _Of_ Geats _originally are_ the Kent people _and_ Wiht-set; _that is the people which_ Wiht _the Island live on_. This changes the reasoning, and leads us to the following facts. _a._ The word in question is a compound=_Wight_=_the name of the isle_, + _saetan_=_people_; as Somer-_set_, and Dor-_set_. _b._ The peninsula _Jut_-land was also called _Vit_-land, or _With_-land. _c._ The _wiht_- in _Wiht_-saetan is, undoubtedly, no such element as the _vit_- in _Vit_-land=_Jut-land_; since it represents the older Celtic term, known to us in the Romanized form _Vectis_. Putting all this together, it becomes possible (nay probable) that the whole doctrine of a _Jute_ element in the Anglo-Saxon migration may have arisen out of the fact of there being a portion of the people of Southern England neighbours of the Saxons, and bearing the name _Wiht_-saetan; a fact which, taken along with the juxtaposition of the _Vit_-landers (_Jut_-landers) and Saxons on the Continent, suggested to the writers of a long later age the doctrine of a Jute migration. s. 17. As this last objection impugns the evidence rather than the fact, the following question finds place:-- {12}