The English Novel and the Principle of its DevelopmentLanier, Sidney
History
The English Novel and the Principle of its Development
Lanier, Sidney
English fiction -- History and criticism
"So, too, if anything becomes less, shall it become so
subsequently to its being previously greater?"
"Such is the case," said Cebes.
"And weaker from stronger, swifter from slower, ... worse from
better, juster from more unjust?"
"Surely."
"We are then sufficiently assured of this, that all things are so
produced, contraries from contraries?"
"Sufficiently so."
... "Do you now tell me likewise in regard to life and death. Do
you not say that death is the contrary of life?"
"I say so."
"And that they are produced from each other?"
"Yes."
"What then is that which is produced from life?"
"Death," said Cebes.
"And that which is produced from death?"
"I must allow," said Cebes, "to be life."
"Therefore, our souls exist after death."
This is one formal argument of Socrates.
He now goes on speaking to his friends during that fatal day at great
length, setting forth other arguments in favor of the immortality of
the soul. Finally he comes to the argument which he applies to the
soul, that magnitude cannot admit its contrary, but that one retires
when the other approaches. At this point he is interrupted by one who
remembers his former position. Plato relates:
Then some one of those present (but who he was I do not clearly
recollect) when he heard this, said, "In the name of the gods,
was not the very contrary of what is now asserted laid down in
the previous part of the discussion, that the greater is produced
from the less and the less from the greater, and this positively
was the mode of generating contraries from contraries?" Upon
which Socrates said ... "... 'Then it was argued that a contrary
thing was produced from a contrary; but now, that contrary itself
can never become its own contrary'.... But observe further if
you will agree with me in this. Is there anything you call heat
and cold?"
"Certainly."
"The same as snow and fire?"
"Assuredly not."
"Is heat, then, something different from fire, and cold something
different from snow?"
"Yes."
"But this I think is evident to you, that snow while it is snow
can never, having admitted heat, continue to be what it was, snow
and hot; but on the approach of heat will either give way to it
or be destroyed."
"Certainly so."
"And fire, on the other hand, on the approach of cold, must
either give way to it or be destroyed; nor can it ever endure,
having admitted cold, to continue to be what it was, fire and
cold.... Such I assert to be the case with the number 3 and many
other numbers. Shall we not insist that the number 3 shall perish
first ... before it would endure while it was yet 3 to become
even?... What then? what do we now call that which does not admit
the idea of the even?"
"Odd," replied he.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account