The English Village Community: Examined in its Relations to the Manorial and Tribal Systems and to the Common or Open Field System of Husbandry; An Essay in Economic History (Reprinted from the Fourth Edition)Seebohm, Frederic
History
The English Village Community: Examined in its Relations to the Manorial and Tribal Systems and to the Common or Open Field System of Husbandry; An Essay in Economic History (Reprinted from the Fourth Edition)
Seebohm, Frederic
Village communities -- Great Britain
They then record the _boundaries_ of the township (including the
hamlet of Walsworth) as follows, viz.:--
'From Orton Head to Burford Ray, and from thence to a Water Mill
called Hide Mill, and from thence to Willberry Hills, and from
thence to a place called Bossendell, and from thence to a Water
Mill called Purwell Mill, and from thence to a Brook or River
called Ippollitt's Brook, and from thence to Maydencroft Lane, and
from thence to a place called Wellhead, and from thence to a place
called Stubborn Bush, and from thence to a place called Offley
Cross, and from thence to Five Borough Hills [Five Barrows], and
from thence back to Orton Head, where the boundaries commenced.'
The form in which these boundaries are given is of great antiquity.
It is a form used by the Romans two thousand years ago, and almost
continuously followed from that time to this.[7] Its importance for
[p010] the purpose in hand will be manifest as the inquiry proceeds.
«The courts.»
The jurisdiction of the Court Leet and View of Frankpledge is
recorded to extend within the foregoing boundaries, _i.e._ over
the township, that of the Court Baron beyond them over the whole
manor, which was more extensive than the township. The Court Leet
is therefore the Court of the township, the Court Baron that of the
manor.
It is then stated that in the Court Leet at Michaelmas the jurors of
the king elect and present to the lord--
«The officers.»
Two constables,
Six headboroughs (two for each of the three wards),
Two ale-conners,
Two leather-searchers and sealers, and
A bellman, who is also the watchman and crier of the town.
All the foregoing presentments have reference to the township, and
are those of 'the jurors of our lord the King (_i.e._ of the Court
Leet), and the homage of the Court' [Baron] of the manor.
«Reliefs, fines, &c.»
«Pound and stocks.»
Then come presentments of the homage of the Court of the Manor
alone, describing the reliefs of freeholders and the fines, &c., of
copyholders under the manor, and various particulars as to powers
of leasing, [p011] forfeiture, cutting timber, heriots, &c.; the
freedom of grain from toll in the market, the provision by the lord
of the _common pound_ and the _stocks_ for the use of the tenants of
the manor, and the right of the lord with the consent of the homage
to grant out portions of the waste by copy of court roll at a rent
and the customary services.
Next the _commons_ are described.
«Green commons. Lammas meadows.»
(1) The portions coloured dark green on the map are described
as _Green Commons_, and those coloured light green as _Lammas
Meadows_;[8] and every occupier of an ancient messuage or cottage
in the township has certain defined rights of common thereon, the
obligation to find the common bull falling upon the rectory, and a
common herdsman being elected by the homage at a Court Baron.
«Common fields.»
«The three fields and rotation of crops.»
(2) The _common fields_ are stated to be--
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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