The poem further explains that the _baile_ or townland was equal to 12 'seisrighs' (by some translated 'plough-lands'), and that the latter land measure is 120 acres,[287] making the quarter equal to three 'seisrighs' [p222] or 360 acres. But this latter mode of measurement is probably a later innovation introduced with the growth of arable farms. The old system was division into quarters, and founded on the prevalent pastoral habits of the people. In the earliest records Connaught is found to be divided into _ballys_, and the ballys into _quarters_, which were generally distinguished by certain mears and bounds.[288] The quarters were sometimes called '_cartrons_,' but in other cases the cartron was the quarter of a quarter, _i.e._ a 'tate.' O'Kelly's county in 1589 was found to contain 665½ _quarters_ of 120 acres each.[289] Lastly, it may be mentioned that in the re-allotment of the lands in Roscommon to the sept of the _Grames_ on their removal from Cumberland each family of the better class was to receive a _quarter_ of land containing 120 acres.[290] «The system in Scotland» The evidence as regards Scotland is scanty, but Mr. Skene, in his interesting chapter on 'the tribe in Scotland,' has collected together sufficient evidence to show that the tribal organisation in the Gaelic districts was closely analogous to that in Ireland.[291] «and in the Isle of Man.» There are also indications that the Isle of Man was anciently divided into ballys and quarters.[292] [p223] The old tribal division of the ballys into 'quarters' and 'tates' has left distinct and numerous traces in the names of the present townlands in Ireland. Annexed is an example of an ancient bally divided into quarters. It is taken from the Ordnance Survey of county Galway. Two of the quarters, now townlands, still bear the names of 'Cartron' and 'Carrow,' or 'Quarter,' as do more than 600 townlands in various parts of Ireland.[293] This example will show that the quarters were actual divisions. Scattered over the bally were the sixteen 'tates' or homesteads, four in each quarter; and in some counties--Monaghan especially--they are still to be traced as the centres of modern townlands, which bear the names borne by the 'tates' three hundred years ago, as registered in Sir John Davies' survey. There is still often to be found in the centre of the modern townland the circular and partly fortified enclosure[294] where the old 'tate' stood, and the lines of the present divisions of the fields often wind themselves round it in a way which proves that it was once their natural centre. Moreover, the names of the 'tates' still preserved in the present townlands bear indirect witness to the [p224] reality of the old tribal redistributions and shiftings of the households from one 'tate' to another. They seldom are compounded of personal names. They generally are taken from some local natural feature. The homestead was permanent. The occupants were shifting.