[537] See Anglo-Saxon Chronicle _sub anno_ 522. 'Cordic was Elesing, Elesa was Esling, Esla was Gewising,' and so on. See also Bede's statement that the Kentish kings were called _Oiscings_, after their ancestor _Oisc_. Bede, bk. ii. c. 5. [538] Palacky, pp. 168–9. Compare the word with the Welsh _tyddyn_, and the Irish _tate_ or _tath_. [539] See Meitzen's _Ausbreitung der Deutschen_, p. 17. Jena, 1879. [540] See Taylor's _Words and Places_, p. 131. [541] It is curious to observe that, taking all the names in the Cartulary (including many of _later date_), only 2 per cent. end in _ing_ or _inga_, 6 per cent. in _inghem_ or _ingahem_: making 8 per cent. in all. [542] Taylor's _Words and Places_, pp. 496 _et seq._ [543] Out of 119 places named in the charters of the Abbey of _Frisinga_ earlier in date than A.D. 800, 24 per cent. ended in _inge_, and only 1 per cent. in _heim_.--Meichelbeck, _passim_. [544] In the St. Gall charters, out of 1,920 names, 9 per cent. end in _inga_, 3½ per cent. in _inchova_. The most common other terminations are either _wilare_ or _wanga_; only 2 per cent. end in _heim_. [545] Arnold's _Ansiedelungen und Wanderungen deutscher Stämme_. Marburg, 1881. See pp. 153 _et seq._ He considers that the Alamanni were a group of German peoples who had settled in the Rhine valley and the _Agri Decumates_, including among them the _Juthungi_, who had crossed over from the north of the _limes_ late in the third century. [546] In the _Erklärung der Peutinger Tafel_, by E. Paulus, Stuttgart, 1866, there is a careful attempt to identify the stations on the Roman roads from _Brigantia_ to _Vindonissa_, and from _Vindonissa_ to _Regino_. The stations on the latter, which passed through the district abounding in 'ings,' are thus identified; the distances between them, except in one case (where there is a difference of 2 leugen), answering to those marked in the _Table_ (see p. 35):-- _Vindonissa_ (Windisch), _Tenedone_ (Heidenschlöschen), _Juliomago_ (Hüfingen), _Brigobanne_ (Rottweil), _Aris flavis_ (Unter-Iflingen), _Samulocennis_ (Rottenberg), _Grinario_ (Sindelfingen), _Clarenna_ (Carlsstatt), _Ad lunam_ (Pfahlbronn), _Aquileia_ (Aalen) [up to which point there is a remarkable change of names throughout, but from which point the similarity of names becomes striking], _Opie_ (Bopfingen), _Septemiaci_ (Maihingen), _Losodica_ (Oettingen), _Medianis_ (Markhof), _Iciniaco_ (Itzing), _Biricianis_ (Burkmarshofen), _Vetonianis_ (Nassenfels), _Germanico_ (Kösching), _Celeuso_ (Ettling), _Abusena_ (Abensberg), _Regino_ (Regensburg). But these names in _ing_ and _ingen_, and Latin _iaci_, do not seem to be patronymic. So also in the case of the Roman '_Vicus Aurelii_' on the _Ohra_ river, now 'Oehringen.' Is it not possible that many other supposed patronymics may simply mean such and such or So-and-so's 'ings' or meadows?