The Epidemics of the Middle AgesHecker, J. F. C. (Justus Friedrich Carl)
History
The Epidemics of the Middle Ages
Hecker, J. F. C. (Justus Friedrich Carl)
Black Death; Epidemics -- History; Hysteria, Epidemic
The eruption of the Sweating Fever in Denmark[604], took place at _the
latter end of September_, for on the 29th of that month, four hundred
of the inhabitants died of it at Copenhagen[605]. Elsinore was likewise
severely visited[606], and probably, about the same time, most of the
towns and villages in that kingdom. But the accounts on this subject
in the Danish Chronicles are extremely defective[607], as owing to
the extraordinary rapidity of this mortal malady, contemporary writers
neglected to record, for the information of posterity, the details of
a phenomenon, which there, as in other countries, must certainly have
been striking from its general prevalence. Even from the imperfect
notices that were given respecting it, thus much, however, is clearly
perceptible, that it was the same well-known disease as elsewhere,
which was now observed to pass through Denmark. In proof of this, it
was principally young and strong people, as had been originally the
case in England, who sickened, the old and infirm being less affected,
and in the course of four and twenty hours, or at most, within two days
(?) the life or death of the patient was decided.
At the same period as in Denmark, the Sweating Sickness spread over
the _Scandinavian Peninsula_, and was productive of the same violent
symptoms in the sick, the same terror, and the same mortal anguish in
those who were affected by it, not only in the capital of Sweden, where
_Magnus Erikson_, brother of king _Gustavus Wasa_, died of it, but also
over the whole kingdom, and in Norway. The northern historians gave
graphic accounts of it, which, on a careful examination of manuscript
documents, might perhaps gain still more in colouring and spirit[608].
That the Sweating Sickness likewise penetrated into Lithuania, Poland,
and Livonia, if not into a part of Russia, we know only in a general
way[609], but doubtless there are written documents still in existence
in these countries, which only need some careful enquirer to bring
them to light. In the mean time, however, it is to be presumed, from
the early appearance of the disorder in Prussia, that it prevailed
in those countries at the same time as in Germany, Denmark, and the
Scandinavian Peninsula. No certain trace is anywhere to be discovered
that the Sweating Sickness appeared so late as December, 1529, or in
January of the following year, so that, after having lasted upon the
whole a quarter of a year, it disappeared everywhere without leaving
behind it any sign of its existence, or giving rise to the development
of any other diseases. Among these, it pursued its course as a comet
among planets, without interfering either with the French Hunger Fever,
or the Italian Petechial Fever, proving a striking example to all
succeeding ages of those general shocks to which the lives of the human
race are subject, and a fearful scourge to the generation which it
visited.
SECT. 8.—TERROR.
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