The Epidemics of the Middle AgesHecker, J. F. C. (Justus Friedrich Carl)
History
The Epidemics of the Middle Ages
Hecker, J. F. C. (Justus Friedrich Carl)
Black Death; Epidemics -- History; Hysteria, Epidemic
Not a single French inhabitant[743] of the neighbouring town of Calais
was affected, and neither the Scotch inhabitants of the same island,
nor the Irish, were visited by the Sweating Sickness, so that we cannot
get rid of the notion, that there was some peculiarity in the whole
constitution of the English which rendered them exclusively susceptible
of this disease. To make this out accurately would be so much the more
difficult, because, in the original year of the Sweating Sickness,
foreigners were the very persons among whom the English disease broke
out; and again, because English persons who had lived a year in France,
on their return home in the summer of 1551, became the subjects of
Sweating Sickness[744]. Contemporaries, indeed, find a cause in the
gluttony and rude mode of life of the English. In short, in all those
remote causes with which we have already become acquainted, and which,
doubtless, also had their part in preparing the same scourge for the
Germans and Flemings in 1529. Kaye, the most efficient eye-witness,
even brings in proof of this view, that the temperate in England
remained exempt from the Sweating Sickness, and on the contrary, that
some Frenchmen at Calais, who were too much devoted to English manners,
were seized with it[745]. To this alone, however, this susceptibility
cannot be attributed, unless we would be content with the antiquated
system of giving too much weight to remote causes, opposed to which we
are met by the striking fact, that the Germans and Netherlanders, who
had scarcely much improved in their manners since 1529, were not again
visited by their old enemy.
SECT. 3.—CAUSES.—NATURAL PHENOMENA.
It is easy to perceive, or rather we have no alternative but to
suppose, an unknown something in the English atmosphere, which
imparted to the inhabitants the rheumatic diathesis, or, if we will,
so penetrated their bodies, overcharged as they were with crude
juices[746], that their constitutions had the so-called _opportunity_,
that is, were changed in such a manner as to fit them for the reception
of the Sweating Sickness. Under such a condition, the common and more
peculiar causes of this disease were not absolutely necessary, in order
to induce its attack in a constitution thus long prepared for it, but
the general causes of disease were sufficient of themselves to give it
its last stimulus, although this should be in an entirely different
climate, as in the present instance was the case with the English who
were living in Spain, and with the Venetian ambassador _Naugerio_, who,
in the year 1528, fell ill of the petechial fever, when far from Italy,
and living in France[747].
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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