Law, presumption of, 31; test of constitutionality, 30, 31; bankrupt, insolvent, 37, 38; postal, 42; patent, 44; common, 45; inspection, 81; due process of, 95; what is constitutional? 132, 135; _ex post facto_, 22, 171, 224 Legislatures, State, powers of, 22, 35–37, 53, 90; discretion of, 54, 79; appoints presidential electors, 167; office of, 218 Limitations, the law of, 164–190 Lincoln, Levi, on Louisiana purchase, 14 Lincoln, President, on law of limitations, 166; on tenure of Cabinet officers, 105 Liquors, 97, 98 Louisiana, power to purchase, 13, 14, 15 M Madison, defines a republic, 4, 5; on power of national government, 12, 13 Mails, 42; and lottery tickets, 43, 85, 86 Mandamus, 111 Manufacture, distinguished from commerce, 73; right to, 98 Marque and reprisal, 37 Marshall, Chief Justice, defines U. S. government, 6, 7; on taxing power, 9, 10; on war and treaty-making powers, 15; enthrones Hamilton’s ideas, 28; on sovereignty, 34; distinction by, between State and federal, 51; on regulation of commerce, 63, 119; on international law, 148; lays down principle of constitutional interpretation, 186, 187 Massachusetts, constitution of 1780, 5 Measures, 36, 37 Ministers, public, 119, 120, 137 Monopolies, 72, 83, 84 N Naturalization, 221 Nobility, title of, 172 Nuisance, 97 Nullification, 17 O Oath, 2 Office, legal right to, 91; constitutional meaning of, 103 P Package, original, 75 Parliament, 21 Parties, political, interpret the Constitution, 27, 28 Patent rights, 36, 43 People, The, sovereign, 2; author of supreme law, 5, 6; power to amend constitution, 7; sovereignty of, 12, 13 Piracies, 44, 45 Polygamy, 203 Possessions, outlying, power of Congress over, 161, 162, 163 Post offices, 42 Post roads, 42