The essentials of mysticism, and other essaysUnderhill, Evelyn
Religion
The essentials of mysticism, and other essays
Underhill, Evelyn
Mysticism
distinct reminiscences of the Plotinian Triad. “These three,” he says,
“are nought else than the One God in His wonderful works ... and we are
thus to understand a threefold Being, or three worlds in one another.”
His conception of the Light-world, source of all spiritual beauty and
home of “the true human essence,” is very near to the _Nous_. Yet the
very closeness with which all these mystics follow those parts of the
Neoplatonic doctrine which appeal to them, makes it possible for us to
measure the distance which separates their minds, their tone and temper,
from that of Plotinus and his school. The calm, the austerity of
thought, the emphasis on beauty, the clear cool light of the
Intelligible World have departed. These men see philosophy through the
haze of Christian feeling. Their work is full of passionate effort; is
centred on the ideas of sacrifice and of pain. Their religion is
coloured by the sharp Christian consciousness of sin, and by the
difficulty—never squarely faced—of reconciling devotion to a personal
redeemer with the mystical passion for the Absolute. That the philosophy
of the Enneads was able to enter a world so remote from its spirit, and
come to terms with an attitude of mind in many respects opposed to that
of its creator, is an oblique proof of the authenticity of its claim to
interpret the spiritual experiences of man.
THREE MEDIÆVAL MYSTICS
I
“THE MIRROR OF SIMPLE SOULS”
I
_The Mirror of Simple Souls_—a rare work on the spiritual life, of which
manuscripts exist in the British Museum, the Bodleian, and one or two
other public libraries—has so far received little or no attention from
students of religious literature. Yet it may turn out to possess great
importance, as one of the missing links in the history of English
mysticism: for it is a middle-English translation, made at the close of
the fourteenth century or beginning of the fifteenth, of the lost work
of a French thirteenth-century mystic. It shows, therefore, that the
common View of French mediæval religion as unmystical needs
qualification; and further indicates a path by which the contemplative
tradition of western Europe reached England and affected the development
of our native mystical school.
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