The essentials of mysticism, and other essaysUnderhill, Evelyn
Religion
The essentials of mysticism, and other essays
Underhill, Evelyn
Mysticism
Two things are perpetually emphasized in modern presentations of
religion. First, the stress tends more and more to be upon experience.
Nothing which authority tells us is done for us truly counts, unless we
feel and realize it as done in us. In so far as this is so, the tendency
is to a mystical concept of religion; and, speaking generally, to just
the concept of religion which is supposed to conflict with the idea of
atonement as usually understood. But, secondly, the social and corporate
character of Christianity is strongly emphasized; and, where this
corporate character is admired more than it is understood, mysticism is
harshly criticized as the religion of the spiritual individualist, a
“vertical relation,” the “flight of the alone to the Alone.” St. Paul’s
“completing opposites,” in fact, are still in the foreground of our
religious life; and so perhaps some re-statement of the solution by
which he found room for both of them, and hence both for personal
responsibility and atonement, may be possible and fruitful for us, too.
And first we notice that those enthusiasts for the corporate idea who
condemn the mystics as religious egoists seem to forget that they are
contradicting themselves; that if their vision of the Church of Christ
as a mystical _body_ be true, then the mystic’s ascent to God cannot be
a flight of the Alone. The poisonous implication of that phrase—true in
its context but always misunderstood—has stuck like mud to the white
robes of the saints. But the mystic is not merely a self going out on a
solitary quest of Reality. He can, must, and does go only as a member of
the whole body, performing as it were the function of a specialized
organ. What he does, he does for all. He is, in fact, an atoner pure and
simple: something stretched out to bridge a gap, something which makes
good in a particular direction the general falling-short. The special
kind of light or life which he receives, he receives for the race; and,
conversely, the special growth which he is able to achieve comes from
the race. He depends on it for his past; it depends on him for its
future. All are part of life’s great process of becoming; there are no
breaks. Although there is perfect individualization, there is
interpenetration too. His attainment is the attainment of the whole,
pressing on behind him, supporting him. Thus—to take an obvious
example—the achievement of peculiar sanctity by the member of a
religious order is the achievement of that order in him; and this not in
a fantastic and metaphorical sense. The support of the Rule, the
conditions of the life, the weight of tradition, the special characters
which each religious family inherits from its Patriarch, have all
contributed something to make the achievement possible; and are factors
governing the type which that achievement assumes. We recognize the
Cistercian stamp upon St. Bernard, the Dominican on Suso and Tauler, the
Carmelite on St. John of the Cross.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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