E-text prepared by the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from digital material generously made available by Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries (http://www.archive.org/details/toronto) Note: Images of the original pages are available through Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries. See http://www.archive.org/details/ethicsofcopera00tuftuoft THE ETHICS OF COÖPERATION * * * * * Barbara Weinstock Lectures on The Morals of Trade THE ETHICS OF COÖPERATION. By JAMES H. TUFTS. HIGHER EDUCATION AND BUSINESS STANDARDS. By WILLARD EUGENE HOTCHKISS. CREATING CAPITAL: MONEY-MAKING AS AN AIM IN BUSINESS. By FREDERICK L. LIPMAN. IS CIVILIZATION A DISEASE? By STANTON COIT. SOCIAL JUSTICE WITHOUT SOCIALISM. By JOHN BATES CLARK. THE CONFLICT BETWEEN PRIVATE MONOPOLY AND GOOD CITIZENSHIP. By JOHN GRAHAM BROOKS. COMMERCIALISM AND JOURNALISM. By HAMILTON HOLT. THE BUSINESS CAREER IN ITS PUBLIC RELATIONS. By ALBERT SHAW. * * * * * THE ETHICS OF COÖPERATION by JAMES H. TUFTS Professor of Philosophy in the University of Chicago Boston and New York Houghton Mifflin Company The Riverside Press Cambridge 1918 Copyright, 1918, by the Regents of the University of California All Rights Reserved Published September 1918 BARBARA WEINSTOCK LECTURES ON THE MORALS OF TRADE This series will contain essays by representative scholars and men of affairs dealing with the various phases of the moral law in its bearing on business life under the new economic order, first delivered at the University of California on the Weinstock foundation. THE ETHICS OF COÖPERATION I According to Plato's famous myth, two gifts of the gods equipped man for living: the one, arts and inventions to supply him with the means of livelihood; the other, reverence and justice to be the ordering principles of societies and the bonds of friendship and conciliation. Agencies for mastery over nature and agencies for coöperation among men remain the two great sources of human power. But after two thousand years, it is possible to note an interesting fact as to their relative order of development in civilization. Nearly all the great skills and inventions that had been acquired up to the eighteenth century were brought into man's service at a very early date. The use of fire, the arts of weaver, potter, and metal worker, of sailor, hunter, fisher, and sower, early fed man and clothed him. These were carried to higher perfection by Egyptian and Greek, by Tyrian and Florentine, but it would be difficult to point to any great new unlocking of material resources until the days of the chemist and electrician. Domestic animals and crude water mills were for centuries in man's service, and until steam was harnessed, no additions were made of new powers.