The Ethics of Medical Homicide and MutilationO'Malley, Austin
Religion
The Ethics of Medical Homicide and Mutilation
O'Malley, Austin
Medical ethics
The natural law is only an ordination of man to that common end of
human life and to the means toward that end. As regards the minor of
this second argument, an absolute dominion over his own life would
give man power to stop all his human activity, yet the common end of
human life is attainable only by man's activity. The stopping, or the
power of stopping, all activity cannot be a means to that end.
III. The natural law cannot give man a power which is opposed to the
essential needs of human nature itself; but that a man should have
absolute dominion over his own life is opposed to an essential need
of human nature itself, therefore the natural law cannot give such a
power.
Dominion over his own life implies the power in man of rebelling
against the subjection which he owes to God; but human nature
essentially demands that man be in subjection to God, since dominion
over one's own life and subjection to God are contradictory.
Again, if man had absolute dominion over his own life he could stand
aloof from all influx of the natural law and avoid every duty arising
from that law. A law, however, cannot give a power which nullifies
itself.
The objection that suicide is licit because no injury can be done
a man by an act if the man is willing to submit to the act, is
irrelevant. The injury in suicide is not to man at all, but to God.
There is also nothing in the objection that a gratuitous gift may be
renounced. Life is not a gratuitous gift; it is an onerous gift with
obligations inseparably affixed thereto which forbid the destruction
of the gift.
IV. Destruction is an act proper to a master alone. Man cannot be
master of his own life; he can have dominion of things that are
outside himself, distinguishable from himself, but not of the very
existence of himself, which is not really distinguishable from
himself. The definition of dominion supposes relation. The offices
of master, father, magistrate, are relative conditions which suppose
superiority over _another_ person, not over oneself. Even God is not
a superior over himself, although he has all perfection. For this
reason a man cannot sell himself; he can sell only his labor.
God, who should have absolute dominion over all creatures, and who
has, wills to confine these creatures to certain lines of action
in keeping with the creature's nature. This is the law underlying
even the moral law when it touches humanity; it is the eternal law
coeternal with God's decree of creation, but not necessary as God is.
When this law exists in the mind of God it is the eternal law; when
it exists in the minds of creatures it is the natural law, governing
the free acts of intellectual creatures. When the natural law becomes
a motive to the human will, obliging but not forcing it, a law
through knowledge within the consciousness of a man regulating his
behavior, it is called the law of conscience.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account