Were such permission given to physicians it would immediately be abused by men with even the best intentions. In all countries and in the largest cities the medical profession is swarming with quacks. What is done in crass ignorance by licensed physicians and specialists every day in the name of medicine is appalling. Professor Orth of the Pathologic Institute in Berlin makes the statement that of all the appendices that have been submitted to him for microscopic examination after removal by conservative and supposedly skilled physicians, 17 per cent. showed no disease at all, and should not have been removed. In this country the percentage of normal appendices removed because of vague abdominal pains is much larger. The _Journal of the American Medical Association_ (June 7, 1913) gave a list of post-mortem examinations where the diagnosis made by men with a reputation for fair work had been correct in only the following ratios: Diagnosis Diagnosis correct. incorrect. Per cent. Per cent. Diabetes Mellitus 95 5 Typhoid Fever 92 8 Aortic Regurgitation 84 16 Cancer of Colon 74 26 Lobar Pneumonia 74 26 Chronic Glomerular Nephritis 74 26 Cerebral Tumor 72.8 27.2 Tuberculous Meningitis 72 28 Gastric Cancer 72 28 Mitral Stenosis 69 31 Brain Hemorrhage 67 33 Septic Meningitis 64 36 Aortic Stenosis 61 39 Phthisis, Active 59 41 Miliary Tuberculosis 52 48 Chronic Interstitial Nephritis 50 50 Thoracic Aneurism 50 50 Hepatic Cirrhosis 39 61 Acute Endocarditis 39 61 Peptic Ulcer 36 64 Suppurative Nephritis 35 65 Renal Tuberculosis 33.3 66.7 Bronchopneumonia 33 66 Vertebral Tuberculosis 23 77 Chronic Myocarditis 22 78 Hepatic Abscess 20 80 Acute Pericarditis 20 80 Acute Nephritis 16 84