_And yet there follows upon this a worse temptation: for if he be such
as hath spent his youth unblameably, and laid up his chiefest earthly
comforts in the enjoyments of a contented marriage, nor did neglect that
furtherance which was to be obtained therein by constant prayers; when he
shall find himself bound fast to an uncomplying discord of nature, or, as
it often happens, to an image of earth and phlegm, with whom he looked
to be the copartner of a sweet and gladsome society, and sees withal
that his bondage is now inevitable; though he be almost the strongest
Christian, he will be ready to despair in virtue, and mutiny against
Divine Providence; and this doubtless is the reason of those lapses, and
that melancholy despair, which we see in many wedded persons, though
they understand it not, or pretend other causes, because they know no
remedy; and is of extreme danger: therefore when human frailty surcharged
is at such a loss, charity ought to venture much, lest an overtossed
faith endanger to shipwreck.[131]_ This sentence contains a complete
hypothetical syllogism, which can be abstracted as follows:
If the rigidity of the marriage relationship is not relaxed by
charity, Christians will despair of finding their solace in
that relationship.
The rigidity of the marriage relationship is not at present
relaxed by charity.
Christians do despair of finding solace within that
relationship (as shown by “those lapses and that melancholy
despair, which we see in many wedded persons”).
Thus the argument prescribes the content of the sentence and marshals it.
Let us look next at a specimen from the _Areopagitica_ embodying not only
the full syllogism but also a preparatory exposition.
When a man writes to the world, he summons up all his reason
and deliberation to assist him; he searches, meditates, is
industrious, and likely consults and confers with his judicious
friends; after all which done, he takes himself to be informed
in what he writes, as well as any that writ before him; if
in this most consummate act of his fidelity and ripeness, no
years, no industry, no former proof of his abilities can bring
him to that state of maturity, as not to be still mistrusted
and suspected, unless he carry all his considerate diligence,
all his midnight watchings, and expense of Palladian oil, to
the hasty view of an unleisured licenser, perhaps much his
younger, perhaps far his inferior in judgment, perhaps one who
never knew the labor of bookwriting; and if he be not repulsed,
or slighted, must appear in print like a puny with his
guardian, and his censor’s hand on the back of his title to be
his bail and surety, that he is no idiot or seducer; it cannot
be but a dishonor and derogation the author, to the book, to
the privilege and dignity of learning.[132]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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