Further evidence of the absorbing interest in the argumentative burden
of prose expression may be seen in the way he employs the extended
metaphor. Milton grew up in the age of the metaphysical conceit. We
now understand that for Elizabethans and Jacobeans a metaphor went far
beyond mere ornamentation to enter into the very heart of a predication.
Rosemund Tuve in particular has shown that for the poets of the period an
image was an argument, so understood and so used.[134] We would hardly
expect it to be any less so in prose. When Milton brings in a metaphor,
he makes full use of its probative value, and this involved, along with
confidence in the architectonic power of the image, a belief that it
affirmed something about the case in point. Thus the metaphor was not
idle or decorative merely, and it dominated the passage to the eclipse of
sentence units. This will explain why, when Milton begins a metaphor, he
will scarcely abandon it until the last appropriate application has been
made and the similitude established beyond reasonable question.
The _Areopagitica_ teems with brilliant extended figures, of which two
will be cited. Here is an image of truth, carried through three sentences.
Truth indeed came once into the world with her divine master,
and was a perfect shape most glorious to look on: but when he
had ascended, and his apostles after him were laid asleep,
then straight arose a wicked race of deceivers, who, as that
story goes of the Egyptian Typhon with his conspirators, how
they dealt with the good Osiris, took the virgin Truth, hewed
her lovely form into a thousand pieces, and scattered them to
the four winds. From that time ever since, the sad friends
of Truth, such as durst appear, imitating the careful search
that Isis made after the body of Osiris, went up and down
gathering limb by limb still as they could find them. We have
not found them all, lords and commons, nor ever shall do, till
her master’s second coming; he shall bring together every
joint and member, and shall mold them into an immortal feature
of loveliness and perfection. Suffer not these licensing
prohibitions to stand at every place of opportunity forbidding
and disturbing them that continue seeking, that continue to do
our obsequies to the torn body of our martyred saint.[135]
And here is Milton’s defense of the intellectually free community,
rendered in a military metaphor.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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