[73] _Abraham Lincoln_ (Boston and New York, 1928), II, 549. [74] John G. Nicolay and John Hay, _Abraham Lincoln: A History_ (New York, 1904), II, 46. [75] _Herndon’s Lincoln_ (Springfield, Ill., 1921), III, 594. [76] _Ibid._, p. 595. [77] _The Life and Writings of Abraham Lincoln_, ed. Philip van Doren Stern (New York, 1940), p. 239. This source, hereafter referred to as _Writings_, is the most complete one-volume edition of Lincoln’s works. [78] _Loc. cit._ [79] _Life and Works of Abraham Lincoln_, ed. Marion Mills Miller (New York, 1907), II, 41. This speech is not included in Stern’s _Writings_. [80] This may impress some as an unduly cynical reading of human nature, but it will be found much closer to Lincoln’s settled belief than many representations made with the object of eulogy. Herndon, for example, reports that he and Lincoln sometimes discussed the question of whether there are any unselfish human actions, and that Lincoln always maintained the negative. Cf. Herndon, _op. cit._, III, 597. [81] Stern, _Writings_, pp. 263-64. [82] _Ibid._, p. 330. [83] Stern, _Writings_, pp. 359-60. [84] _Ibid._, pp. 360-61. [85] Stern, _Writings_, p. 361. [86] _Ibid._, p. 362. [87] Stern, _Writings_, p. 375. [88] _Ibid._, p. 427. [89] Stern, _Writings_, pp. 549-50. [90] Cf. the remark in “Notes for Speeches” (_Ibid._, pp. 497-98): “Suppose it is true that the Negro is inferior to the white in the gifts of nature; is it not the exact reverse of justice that the white should for that reason take from the Negro any of the little which he has had given to him?” [91] Stern, _Writings_, p. 422. [92] Stern, _Writings_, p. 241. [93] _Ibid._, p. 649. [94] Stern, _Writings_, pp. 652-53. [95] Stern, _Writings_, p. 656. [96] Stern, _Writings_, pp. 667-68. [97] Stern, _Writings_, p. 671. [98] _Ibid._, p. 736. [99] Stern, _Writings_, p. 737. [100] Stern, _Writings_, p. 682. [101] _Ibid._, p. 740. [102] Stern, _Writings_, p. 669. [103] Stern, _Writings_, pp. 810-11. [104] Stern, _Writings_, p. 429. [105] Stern, _Writings_, pp. 529-30. [106] _Ibid._, p. 558. [107] _Ibid._, p. 591. [108] _Ibid._, p. 728. [109] The homeric fits of abstraction, which almost every contemporary reports, are highly suggestive of the mind which dwells with essences. [110] Stern, _Writings_, p. 231. [111] Stern, _Writings_, p. 728. [112] _Ibid._, p. 710. [113] _Op. cit._, III, 610. [114] Stern, _Writings_, p. 423. [115] _Ibid._, p. 649. [116] Stern, _Writings_, p. 452. [117] To mention a simple example, the sarcasm uttered as a pleasantry sometimes leaves a wound because its formal signification is not entirely removed by the intonation of the user or by the speech situation. [118] _The Wings of the Dove_ (Modern Library ed., New York, 1937), p. 53. [119] “On the Physical Basis of Life,” _Lay Sermons, Addresses and Reviews_ (New York, 1883), pp. 123-24.