The Ethnology of the British IslandsLatham, R. G. (Robert Gordon)
History
The Ethnology of the British Islands
Latham, R. G. (Robert Gordon)
Ethnology -- Great Britain
The Angles of England undoubtedly came from Germany; so did the Saxons.
But did the _Jutes_? Let us look to the different forms their name took;
and also to those of that of the Jutes of Jutland; and, when we have
seen that occasionally they both took the same, let us ask whether the
objection which has just been suggested against the supposed American
speculations do not apply to the real English one.
The Jutes of England were called _Jutna-cyn_, or the _Jute-kin_; their
locality was the Isle of Wight, and from that island they were called
_Wiht_-ware, _Vect_-ienses or _Vecti_-colæ. Beda himself identifies
these two populations, saying that the _Vect-uarii_ (_Wiht-ware_), "who
held the Isle of Wight, were of Jute origin." And, lest this be
insufficient, both the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and Alfred repeat (or
rather translate) the assertion:--
1
Of Jotum comon Cantware and | Of Jutes came the Kent-people,
Wihtware, þæt is seo mæiað, þe nú | and the Wiht-people, that is the
eardeþ on Wiht, and that cynn on | race which now dwells in Wiht,
West-Sexum ðe man gyt hæt | and that tribe amongst the
Jútnacynn. | West-Saxons which is yet called
| the Jute tribe.
2
Comon di of þrym folcum þa | Came they of three folk the
strangestan Germaniæ; þæt of | strongest of Germany; that of the
Seaxum, and of Angle, and of | Saxons, and of Angle, and of the
Geatum; of Geatum fruman sindon | Geats. Of the Geats originally
Cant-wære and Wiht-sætan, þæt is | are the Kent-people and the
seo þeód se Wiht þat ealond on | Wiht-settlers, that is the people
eardað. | which Wiht the Island live on.
Now this name _Wiht_ never came from the Jutes at all; since it existed
three hundred years before their supposed advent, as the word
_Vectis_=_the Isle of Wight_; and was a British, rather than a German,
term.
And the _Wiht-ware_ were, partially at least, no Germans but Britons,
and as Britons, rather than as Jutlanders, did they stand in contrast
with the Saxons of the neighbourhood. The proof of this is in Asser, who
says that Alfred's mother "Osburg nominabatur, religiosa nimium fæmina,
Nobilis ingenio, nobilis et genere; quæ erat filia Oslac--qui Oslac
Gothus erat natione, ortus enim erat de Gothis et Jutis; de semine
scilicit Stuf et Wihtgar--qui acceptâ potestate Vectis Insulæ--paucos
Britannos, ejusdem insulæ accolas, quos in eâ invenire potuerant, in
loco qui dicitur _Gwitigaraburgh_ occiderunt, cæteri enim accolæ ejusdem
insulæ ante sunt occisi aut exules aufugerant."--Asserius, _De Gestis
Alfredi Regis_.
So that Gwit-_garaburg_ is now _Caris-brook_, and _Caris-brook_ in the
time of Stuf and Wihtgar, was the last stronghold of the _Gwitæ_,
_Vitæ_, _Vecticolæ_ or _Vectienses_, who were simply Britons confounded
with _Jut-æ_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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