The Ethnology of the British IslandsLatham, R. G. (Robert Gordon)
History
The Ethnology of the British Islands
Latham, R. G. (Robert Gordon)
Ethnology -- Great Britain
So may the _Morini_. Though I admit the ingenuity and soundness of the
doctrine that the existence of a double nomenclature such as that by
which the Durotriges are called Morini, and the Morini, Durotriges, is
well explained by the assumption of a second language, and the notion
that the inhabitants of certain districts were sometimes called by a
British, sometimes by a German, name, the hypothesis is not valid where
the facts can be more easily explained otherwise. No one would thus
explain such words as _Lowlander_ and _Borderer_ applied to the people
of the Cheviot Hills. Yet both are current; one being given when their
relation to England, the other when their difference from the Highland
Gaels, is expressed.
Now, it so happens that _Morini_ and _Durotriges_ are words that can as
little be considered as synonymous terms belonging to different
languages as _Lowlander_ and _Borderer_; since good reasons can be given
for referring them _both_ to the Keltic. Their _exact_ import is
difficult to ascertain; but if we suppose them to mean _coasters_ and
_watersidemen_, respectively, we get a clear view of the unlikelihood of
one being German and the other Keltic. Thus--
_Duro-triges_ coincides with the Latin compound _ponticolæ_, since _dwr_
in Welsh, Cornish, and Armorican means _water_, and _trigau_ means _to
remain_ or _to inhabit_; _trig-adiad_ denoting _dwellers_, or
inhabitants, as is well remarked by Prichard, v. iii. 128.
_Môr_, in _Morini_, is neither more nor less than the Latin word
_mare_.[6] Surely this sets aside all arguments drawn from the supposed
bilingual character of the words _Morini_ and _Durotriges_.
The _Cauci_ and _Menapii_ of Ireland tell a different tale. One name
without the other would prove but little; but when we find _Cauci_ in
Germany not far from _Menapii_, and _Menapii_ in Ireland not far from
_Chauci_, the case becomes strengthened. Yet the likelihood of _Menap_,
being the same word as the _Menai_ of the _Menai Straits_ in Wales,
suggests the probability of that word being a geographical term.
Nevertheless, the contiguity of the two nations is an argument as far as
it goes.
And here I must remark, that the process by which words originally very
different may become identified when they pass into a fresh language is
not sufficiently attended to. _Cauci_ is the form which an Irish,
_Chauci_ that which a German, word takes in Latin. And the two words are
alike. Yet it is far from certain that they would be thus similar if we
knew either the Gaelic original of one, or the German of the other. A
dozen forms exceedingly different might be excogitated, which, provided
that they all agreed in being strange to a Roman, would, when moulded
into a Latin form, become alike. Still the argument, as far as it goes,
is valid.
Such are the reasons for believing, at one and the same time, that the
Britons came from Belgic Gaul, and that the Belgæ from whence they came
were Kelts.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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