Produced by Steven Gibbs and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net THE ETYMOLOGY OF LOCAL NAMES. WITH A SHORT INTRODUCTION TO THE RELATIONSHIP OF LANGUAGES. TEUTONIC NAMES. BY R. MORRIS, FORMERLY STUDENT OF BATTERSEA TRAINING COLLEGE. Names have all some meaning when first imposed; and when a place is named for the first time, by any people, they apply to it some term—in early times generally descriptive of its natural peculiarities, or something else, on account of which it is remarkable, from their own language. When we find therefore, that the old names of natural objects and localities in a country belong, for the most part, to a particular language, we may conclude with certainty that a people speaking that language formerly occupied the country. Of this the names they have so impressed are as sure a proof as if they had left a distinct record of their existence in words engraven on the rocks. Such old names of places often long outlive both the people that bestowed them, and nearly all the material monuments of their occupancy. The language, as a vehicle of oral communication, may gradually be forgotten and be heard no more where it was once in universal use, and the old topographical nomenclature may still remain unchanged.—_Pictorial History of England._ LONDON: JUDD & GLASS, NEW BRIDGE STREET, BLACKFRIARS, E.C. LONDON: PRINTED BY JUDD & GLASS, NEW BRIDGE STREET, BLACKFRIARS, E.C. CONTENTS. PAGE INTRODUCTION 5 WORKS CONSULTED 10 THE VALUE OF LOCAL NAMES 11 THE COMPOSITION OF LOCAL NAMES 13 DIVISION I.—DESCRIPTIVE ELEMENT. (_A_) NAMES OF TRIBES, INDIVIDUALS, FAMILIES, AND GODS 14 (_a_) TRIBES 14 (_b_) FAMILIES 15 (_c_) INDIVIDUALS 17 (_d_) GODS 18 (_B_) NAMES OF ANIMALS 19 (_C_) NAMES OF TREES, PLANTS, &C. 27 (_D_) NAMES OF MINERALS 32 (_E_) NAMES OF QUALITIES 33