“A rose by any other name would smell as sweet,” wrote Shakespeare, but we doubt if any other name for Eureka Springs would fill the bill. It was old Archimedes of ancient Greece who first used the word EUREKA as an exultant expression and started it on the road to fame. The story goes that King Hiero assigned Archimedes the job of finding out the amount of alloy in his golden crown. The old mathematician was puzzled about how to do it for his laboratory was rather inadequate for scientific research. But he was a good observer and one day as he was stepping out of his bathtub he noticed the water running over the sides. This gave him the clue he was looking for and he rushed unclothed through the streets of Syracuse, shouting in his enthusiasm, “Eureka,” which means, “I have found it.” The result is known as the principle of Archimedes which states that a body surrounded by a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces. Since that time the word has been used in many parts of the world as an exulting exclamation. California adopted it as a motto in reference to the discovery of gold there. Nineteen states have towns or post offices named Eureka, but there is only one Eureka Springs, named on July 4, 1879. The basin of the old Indian Healing Spring, now called Basin Spring, is located at the bottom of the Wishing Well in the Basin Circle Park. Mounted on the railing above the basin is this plaque: “Directly beneath this sign is the original rock basin after which the spring was named. It was here on July 4, 1879 that Dr. Alvah Jackson and about twenty-five families met and adopted the name suggested by C. Burton Saunders, Eureka Springs.” C. Burton Saunders was the son of Judge J. B. Saunders, and was about fifteen years of age at that time. He was a student at Clark’s Academy in Berryville and it is possible that he had read of the discovery of Archimedes in his science books. But it is still a matter of dispute as to who suggested the name for the town. L. J. Kalklosch says: “When the discovery of the Healing Spring was a certainty, the virtue of the water beyond dispute, and a village was springing up, the necessity of a name suggested itself to the citizens and visitors as they were. Some suggested that it be named Jackson Springs; others that it be called Saunder’s Springs; but a Mr. McCoy, who had no doubt read of the discovery of Archimedes, said to name it Eureka, ‘I have found it!’ This was agreed upon and the young mountain queen was christened ‘Eureka Springs.’”[11] I know not what the truth may be regarding the naming. I tell these tales as told to me. VIII THE CITY IN EMBRYO Eureka Springs was named on July 4, 1879 and it was a boom town from the start. Within a year there were an estimated 5,000 people living near the springs. L. J. Kalklosch tells about this phenomenal growth in the book he published in 1881.