Belgium, invasion of, a crime, vii; German demand on, xi; the proof of Germany's belief in von Bernhardi, 11; publishes _Gray Paper_, 23; Germany's disregard of rights of, 196 ff.; took no part in preliminary war controversy, 197; held no interest in Servian question, 197; treaty of neutrality signed, 198; restricts sale of munitions of war in 1870, 200; Bismarck's letter to, 200; feared invasion by Germany, 201; Germany professes intention of respecting neutrality of, 201 ff.; government fears German invasion, 205, 206; requests further assurance of Germany's intentions to respect neutrality, 206; reassured by France, 208; advised by Germany of intended invasion, 210; reply of, to German ultimatum, 212; hopes that Germany would respect neutrality, 213, 214; offered military support by France, 214; refuses French aid, 214; fined by Germany, 217, 218; compared to Poland, 218; appeal of, to England, 218; effect of German invasion, 229, 230; French officers in, 230; German officers and spies in, 230; Germany claims neutrality of, a sham, 235; anticipating German invasion, 236 ff.; German railroads on frontier of, 237; "guilt of," 238; conclusions concerning actions of, 249 _et seq._; _see_ Albert, Davignon, Von der Elst Berchtold, Count, removes himself beyond reach of personal parleys, 70, 71; conversation of, with Russian Ambassador, 99, 100; assures Russia that "claim against Servia would be acceptable," 123; contends that British suggestions for peace came too late, 190; offer of, concerning mediation, 191; _see_ Austria Bernhardi, doctrines of, xvii; opinions of, on war quoted, 7 ff.; influence of, 10, 11; indictment of, 15, 16; failure of, 17; opinion of, concerning England's attitude to America during Civil War, 17, 205 Berthelot, M., prepares _Yellow Book_, 102 Bertie, Sir F., 207 Bethmann-Hollweg, Dr. von, quoted, viii; message of, to Federated Governments of Germany quoted, 44, 45; blunders of, 194; declares Germany will respect Belgian neutrality, 202; attempts to justify Germany's actions toward Belgium, 215, 216; "scrap of paper" speech quoted, 220, 221; speech of, concerning invasion of Belgium, 238; discusses "scrap of paper" remark, 239 ff.; _see_ Germany Bismarck, and militarism, xix ff.; attitude of, during peace negotiations, xix; and "spread eagleism," xix, xx; respects neutrality of Belgium, 200; 103 Bosnia annexed by Austria, 20 Brussels, secret documents in, 235 Bunsen, Sir M. de, report of, to Sir Edward Grey regarding ignorance of Diplomatic Corps concerning Austria's ultimatum, 32, 33; quoted regarding Germany's knowledge of Austrian ultimatum, 37 Burgess, Prof. John W., supports Germany, 222 C