Produced by Al Haines THE EVOLUTION OF AN EMPIRE A BRIEF HISTORICAL SKETCH OF GERMANY BY MARY PARMELE _SECOND EDITION_ NEW YORK WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON, 59 FIFTH AVENUE 1893. COPYRIGHT, 1898, BY PARMELE & CHAFFEE. Press of J. J. Little & Co. Astor Place, New York CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. Indo-European Migrations--Divisions of the Aryan Family into European Races--Laying the Foundations of the German Empire CHAPTER II. Hermann--Subdivisions of the Teutonic Race CHAPTER III. Ulfila--Migrations of Teutonic Races--Fall of Rome before Alaric--Hunnish Invasion--Modern Europe foreshadowed CHAPTER IV. Anglo-Saxon Occupation of Britain CHAPTER V. Teuton Occupation of Gaul--Final Severing of Connection with Roman Empire--Clovis, King of France--Merovingian Kings--Pippin--Beginning of Carlovingian Line CHAPTER VI. Charlemagne--Separation of France and Germany--Growth of Spiritual Power--Conflict between Pope Gregory VII. and Henry IV.--Entire Supremacy of the Church CHAPTER VII. Europe in the Hands of Three Men--Charles V., Francis I., and Henry VIII.--Indulgences sold by Leo X.--Birth of Protestantism CHAPTER VIII. Thirty Years' War--Decay of the German Empire CHAPTER IX. Napoleon Bonaparte--German Empire Extinct--Waterloo--German States confederated, with Austria at the Head CHAPTER X. Schleswig-Holstein--Bismarck--War with Austria--Königgrätz CHAPTER XI. Napoleon III.--War with France--Germans in Paris--William crowned German Emperor at Versailles CHAPTER XII. Death of Emperor William--Death of Frederick--William II. Emperor--His Policy--Situation in Europe EVOLUTION OF AN EMPIRE. CHAPTER I. Foundation building is neither picturesque nor especially interesting, but it is indispensable. However fair the structure is to be, one must first lay the rough-hewn stones upon which it is to rest. It would be much pleasanter in this sketch to display at once the minarets and towers, and stained-glass windows; but that can only be done when one's castle is in Spain. Would we comprehend the Germany of to-day, we must hold firmly in our minds an epitome of what it has been, and see vividly the devious path of its development through the ages. The German nation is of ancient lineage, and indeed belongs to the royal line of human descent, the Aryan; its ancestral roots running back until lost in the heart of Asia, in the mists of antiquity. The home of the Aryan race is shrouded in mystery, as are the impelling causes which sent those successive tides of humanity into Europe. But we know with certainty that when the last great wave spread over Eastern Europe, or Russia, about one thousand years before Christ, the submergence of that continent was complete.