Produced by Produced by Sue Asscher and Derek Thompson The Evolution of Man A POPULAR SCIENTIFIC STUDY by Ernst Haeckel Translated from the Fifth (enlarged) Edition by Joseph McCabe [Issued for the Rationalist Press Association, Limited] WATTS & CO. 17 Johnson’s Court, Fleet Street, London, E.C. 1912 From the painting by Franz von Lenbach, 1899 Contents LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS GLOSSARY TRANSLATOR’S PREFACE TABLE: CLASSIFICATION OF THE ANIMAL WORLD Chapter I. THE FUNDAMENTAL LAW OF ORGANIC EVOLUTION Chapter II. THE OLDER EMBRYOLOGY Chapter III. MODERN EMBRYOLOGY Chapter IV. THE OLDER PHYLOGENY Chapter V. THE MODERN SCIENCE OF EVOLUTION Chapter VI. THE OVUM–THE AMŒBA Chapter VII. CONCEPTION Chapter VIII. THE GASTRÆA THEORY Chapter IX. THE GASTRULATION OF THE VERTEBRATE Chapter X. THE CŒLOM THEORY Chapter XI. THE VERTEBRATE CHARACTER OF MAN Chapter XII. THE EMBRYONIC SHIELD–GERMINATIVE AREA Chapter XIII. DORSAL BODY–VENTRAL BODY Chapter XIV. THE ARTICULATION OF THE BODY Chapter XV. FŒTAL MEMBRANES AND CIRCULATION Chapter XVI. STRUCTURE OF THE LANCELET AND THE SEA-SQUIRT Chapter XVII. EMBRYOLOGY OF THE LANCELET AND THE SEA-SQUIRT Chapter XVIII. DURATION OF THE HISTORY OF OUR STEM Chapter XIX. OUR PROTIST ANCESTORS Chapter XX. OUR WORM-LIKE ANCESTORS Chapter XXI. OUR FISH-LIKE ANCESTORS Chapter XXII. OUR FIVE-TOED ANCESTORS Chapter XXIII. OUR APE ANCESTORS Chapter XXIV. EVOLUTION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Chapter XXV. EVOLUTION OF THE SENSE-ORGANS Chapter XXVI. EVOLUTION OF THE ORGANS OF MOVEMENT Chapter XXVII. EVOLUTION OF THE ALIMENTARY SYSTEM Chapter XXVIII. EVOLUTION OF THE VASCULAR SYSTEM Chapter XXIX. EVOLUTION OF THE SEXUAL ORGANS Chapter XXX. RESULTS OF ANTHROPOGENY INDEX LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS