The evolution of scientific thought from Newton to EinsteinD'Abro, A. (Aram)
Science
The evolution of scientific thought from Newton to Einstein
D'Abro, A. (Aram)
Relativity (Physics); Science -- Methodology
We see, then, that the three-dimensional space of experience appears to
have arisen as the result of a synthesis of private views, each one of
which would be that of an observer unable to move from a certain fixed
spot. This synthesis would be extremely complex; unfortunately we have
no time to mention the various conditions that would have to be taken
into consideration. Suffice it to say that our senses of sight, of
touch, of muscular effort, of sound and of smell, to which should also
be added the action of the semi-circular canals, would all play a part,
dovetailing one into the other. Further considerations would also show
that there is nothing mysterious in the fact that these various data
should yield concordant results, rather than an incompatible set of
conflicting spaces.
All we wish to point out is that by the physical space of experience,
we do not merely wish to imply space with the objects located therein,
such as it would appear from some definite point of observation. We do
not mean the private vision in which rails converge and distant objects
appear smaller; we mean a synthesis of these private perspectives,
yielding us a common public space.
One private perspective with its converging rails taken by itself and
considered without reference to other perspectives could not contain
sufficient data to enable us to conceive of three-dimensional space,
homogeneous and isotropic.[6] That this synthesis has been arrived at
without the conscious effort of reason is granted. Nevertheless, though
instinctive, the co-ordination of private experiences and perspectives
is of great complexity; and it would not be impossible to conceive of
this co-ordination as having followed other lines, just as an aggregate
of books may be arranged in alphabetical order, or in order of size
or of content, and so forth. With a change in our ordering relation
we might have obtained a space of a greater number of dimensions.
Undoubtedly, however, when account is taken of the facts of experience,
the three-dimensional co-ordination is by far the simplest; hence there
is no reason to be surprised at its having imposed itself with such
force. These too brief indications must suffice for the present.
And now let us return to the problem of measurement. We have mentioned
that in certain cases it would be possible, by changing our post of
observation, to counteract the apparent modifications in the visual
shapes of bodies that had suffered a displacement in our field of
vision.
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