[Footnote 325: The result is a marked poverty of power in such sculpture as the Persians had. It is in every respect inferior to the Assyrian which it copies. See Reber, _History of Ancient Art_, Eng. tr. 1883, pp. 121-28.] [Footnote 326: See above, p. 28.] [Footnote 327: See Maspero, _Manual of Egyptian Archæology_, Eng. tr. 1895, pp. 215, 226, 235, 236, 240, etc.] [Footnote 328: See above, p. 56.] [Footnote 329: See Maspero, as cited, pp. 212, 214, 231, etc., as to the religious influence. M. Maspero recognises several movements of renaissance and reaction through the ages.] [Footnote 330: Grote, iii, 21-22.] [Footnote 331: Cp. Haigh, _The Tragic Drama of the Greeks_, 1896, ch. i; Miss Harrison, _Prolegomena to the Study of Greek Religion_, 2nd ed. 1908, ch. viii.] [Footnote 332: Pt. ii, ch. 67.] [Footnote 333: See Holm's suggestion, cited by Mahaffy, _Problems of Greek History_, p. 92, _note_, as to the value of Herodotus to the _traders_ of his day. Holm also suggests, however, that the political service rendered by Herodotus to the Athenians was felt by them to be important, as giving them new light on Egypt and the East (Eng. tr. ii, 290, 291). The reward paid to Herodotus would greatly stimulate further historical research.] [Footnote 334: Cp. Bury, _History of Greece_, pp. 7, 33-34.] [Footnote 335: The Spartan women were indeed reputed the most beautiful, doubtless a result of their healthier life. As for the works of "art" claimed by Müller (_The Dorians_, ii, 25-26) for Sparta, they are simply objects of utility, and were by his own avowal (p. 24) the work of non-Spartan Laconians, aliens, or slaves, "since no Spartan, before the introduction of the Achæan constitution, was allowed to follow any trade." No one disputes that other Dorian cities, notably Sikyon, did much for art--another proof that "race" has nothing to do with the matter.] [Footnote 336: Bury, _History of Greece_, ed. 1906, p. 59.] [Footnote 337: Cited in Strabo, bk. viii, ch. v, § 6.] [Footnote 338: Cp. Müller, i, 80. Müller notes that the Corinthians were "nearly singular among the Doric States" in esteeming trade, their experience of its productiveness "having taught them to set a higher value upon it" (work cited, ii, 24).] [Footnote 339: Cp. Maisch, _Manual of Greek Antiquities_, Eng. tr. § 11; K.O. Müller, _The Dorians_, i, 105, 203.] [Footnote 340: The native Spartans were positively forbidden to go abroad without special leave, nor were strangers permitted to settle there (Grote, ii, 306; Wachsmuth, i, 248).] [Footnote 341: Grote, iii, 294, and _note_.] [Footnote 342: Cp. Dr. Mahaffy's remark on post-Alexandrian Sparta, "where five ignorant old men were appointed to watch the close adherence of the State to the system of a fabulous legislator" (_Greek Life and Thought from the Age of Alexander to the Roman Conquest_, 1887, p. 3).]