We saw that the power of regenerating a part can be localized, and
that it does not belong to all the cells of the body, but only
to some of them, and we have to ask how and by what steps it has
been imparted to these. The faculty depends on the possession of a
regeneration-primordium (_Anlage_), and this again, in our mode of
expression, consists of a definite complex of determinants, and as
determinants are the products of an evolution, and thus are vital units
which have arisen historically, they can nowhere suddenly originate
anew in a species, but must be derived directly or indirectly from the
sole basis which, in each species, forms the starting-point of the
individual--that is to say, in the Metazoa, from the germ-plasm of the
ovum. From it the determinant-complex of every regeneration-rudiment
mast in the ultimate instance be derived.
We may think of the matter thus: all the determinants of the germ-plasm
vary, grow slowly or quickly, and in certain circumstances may be
doubled. In this way there arise what we may call 'supernumerary'
determinants, which are not required in the primary building up of
the body from the ovum, and which may remain in an inactive state in
the nuclei of certain cells, ready to become active under certain
circumstances and to produce anew the part which they control. Such
regeneration-idioplasm will at first come to lie in the younger
cells of the determinate organ, but it is conceivable that under the
influence of selection it may be gradually shifted to other cells of
a later developmental origin, or, conversely, to others in a less
external position, so that, for instance, the regeneration-rudiment for
the finger of a newt may be contained not merely in the cells of the
hand, but in those of the fore-arm or even of the upper arm.
But all such segregation of determinant-groups cannot have taken place,
as we might perhaps be inclined to think, at the periphery in the organ
itself during its development; it must take place in the germ-plasm of
the ovum, for otherwise it could not be transmissible, and could not be
directed and modified by the processes of selection, as is actually the
case, as I shall show in more detail later on.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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