The Exiles of Florida: or, The crimes committed by our government against the Maroons, who fled from South Carolina and other slave states, seeking protection under Spanish laws.Giddings, Joshua R. (Joshua Reed)
Philosophy
The Exiles of Florida: or, The crimes committed by our government against the Maroons, who fled from South Carolina and other slave states, seeking protection under Spanish laws.
Giddings, Joshua R. (Joshua Reed)
Maroons; Seminole War, 1st, 1817-1818; Seminole War, 2nd, 1835-1842
All these proceedings were reported to the proper Department at
Washington. About the time, or soon after, they would naturally reach
that city, William Armstrong, Acting Superintendent of the Indians in
the Western Territory, evidently in the joint service of our Government
and of the Creek Indians, addressed a note to the Commissioner of Indian
Affairs, dated at Washington City, April twenty-third, 1838, saying,
"When General Jessup called upon volunteers to go to Florida, he
promised them all the _property_ they could capture. Accordingly, the
Creeks captured near _one hundred negroes_, which they left in
possession of the officers of the United States. _What has become of
these negroes?_ Will they receive them, or their value, as promised?"
The difficulty attending the transformation of men into chattels now
increased so much, that the Commissioner of Indian Affairs addressed a
letter to the Hon. Secretary of War, which is so characteristic of the
manner in which the administration of our Government was then conducted,
that we give the letter in full:
"WAR DEPARTMENT,
"_Office of Indian Affairs_, May 1, 1838.
"SIR: I have the honor to submit for the consideration and decision
of the Department a question that has been presented by the
Superintendent of the Western Territory, (Captain Armstrong.)
"In September last, General Jessup advised the Department that he
had purchased from the Creek warriors all the negroes (about eighty
in number), captured by them, for $8,000, and this purchase was
approved on the seventh of October. At a subsequent date, he wrote
that he had supplied Lieutenant Searle with funds, and directed him
to make the payment. It is believed, however, that the warriors
refused to take the sum named, Lieutenant Searle having made no
such payment, and the delegation here asserting that they never
received it. It is now asked, whether they will be permitted to
take the negroes, or be paid their value? It was suggested by
General Jessup, that the consideration for the captives would be a
proper charge on the Seminole annuity. But this would deprive the
friendly portion, who have emigrated, of what they are justly, and
by law, entitled to, and to a certain extent would be paying the
Creeks with their own money; for the fourth Article of the Treaty
with the Seminoles, of May ninth, 1832, provides, that 'the
annuities then granted shall be added to the Creek annuities, and
the whole amount be so divided that the chiefs and warriors of the
Seminole Indians may receive their equitable proportion of the same
as members of the Creek confederation.' Independently of this
difficulty, I would respectfully suggest, whether there are not
_other objections to the purchase of these negroes by the United
States_? It seems to me, that a proposition to Congress _to
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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