The Expositor's Bible: The Book of DanielFarrar, F. W. (Frederic William)
Religion
The Expositor's Bible: The Book of Daniel
Farrar, F. W. (Frederic William)
Bible. Daniel -- Commentaries
He understood from "the books" the number of the years "whereof the
word of the Lord came to Jeremiah the prophet for the accomplishing
of the desolation of Jerusalem, even seventy years."[589] Such is the
rendering of our Revisers, who here follow the A.V. ("I understood
by books"), except that they rightly use the definite article (LXX.,
ἐν ταῖς βίβλοις). Such too is the view of Hitzig. Mr. Bevan seems to
have pointed out the real meaning of the passage, by referring not
only to the Pentateuch generally, as helping to interpret the words
of Jeremiah, but especially to Lev: xxvi. 18, 21, 24, 28.[590] It was
there that the writer of Daniel discovered the method of interpreting
the "seventy years" spoken of by Jeremiah. The Book of Leviticus had
four times spoken of a sevenfold punishment--a punishment "seven
times more" for the sins of Israel. Now this thought flashed upon
the writer like a luminous principle. Daniel, in whose person he
wrote, had arrived at the period at which the literal seventy years
of Jeremiah were--on some methods of computation--upon the eve of
completion: the writer himself is living in the dreary times of
Antiochus. Jeremiah had prophesied that the nations should serve the
King of Babylon seventy years (Jer. xxv. 11), after which time God's
vengeance should fall on Babylon; and again (Jer. xxix. 10, 11), that
after seventy years the exiles should return to Palestine, since the
thoughts of Jehovah towards them were thoughts of peace and not of
evil, to give them a future and a hope.
The writer of Daniel saw, nearly four centuries later, that after
all only a mere handful of the exiles, whom the Jews themselves
compared to the chaff in comparison with the wheat, had returned
from exile; that the years which followed had been cramped, dismal,
and distressful; that the splendid hopes of the Messianic kingdom,
which had glowed so brightly on the foreshortened horizon of Isaiah
and so many of the prophets, had never yet been fulfilled; and that
these anticipations never showed fewer signs of fulfilment than in
the midst of the persecuting furies of Antiochus, supported by the
widespread apostasies of the Hellenising Jews, and the vile ambition
of such renegade high priests as Jason and Menelaus.
That the difficulty was felt is shown by the fact that the Epistle
of Jeremy (ver. 2) extends the epoch of captivity to two hundred and
ten years (7 × 30), whereas in Jer. xxix. 10 "seventy years" are
distinctly mentioned.[591]
What was the explanation of this startling apparent discrepancy
between "the sure word of prophecy" and the gloomy realities of
history?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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