[52] This seems to have struck Josephus (_Antt._, IX. iii. 1), who says that "he _chanced_ to be in a tent (ἔτυχε κατεσκηνωκώς) outside the host." [53] Comp. 1 Sam. x. 5; 1 Chron. xxv. 1; Ezek. i. 3, xxxiii. 22. _Menaggēn_ is one who plays on a stringed instrument, _n'gînāh_. The Pythagoreans used music in the same way (Cic., _Tusc. Disp._, iv. 2). [54] Deut. xx. 19, 20. [55] Lev. ii. 1. Comp. 1 Kings xviii. 36. [56] This dreadful result crippled the revolt of Vindex against Nero. [57] Jeroboam I., B.C. 937; Joram, 854. [58] Isa. xv. 1, Kir of Moab; Jer. xlviii. 31, Kir-heres. It is built on a steep calcareous rock, surrounded by a deep, narrow glen, which thence descends westward to the Dead Sea, under the name of the Wady Kerak. We know that the armies of Nineveh habitually practised these brutal modes of devastation in the districts which they conquered. See Layard, _passim_; Rawlinson, _Ancient Monarchies_ ii. 84. [59] 1 Kings xviii. 27. Comp. Psalm xxxv. 23, xliv. 23, lxxxiii. 1, etc. [60] Comp. Micah vi. 7. This is an entirely different incident from that alluded to in Amos ii. 1. [61] Eusebius (_Præp. Evang._, iv. 16) quotes from Philo's Phœnician history a reference to human sacrifices (τοῖς τιμωροῖς δαίμοσιν) at moments of desperation. [62] The rendering is doubtful. LXX., καὶ ἐγένετο μετάμελος μέγας ἐπὶ Ἰσράηλ; Vulg., indignatio _in_ Israel; Luther, _Da ward Israel sehr zornig_. [63] Amos ii. 1-3. [64] Hos. i. 4: "I will avenge the blood of Jezreel upon the house of Jehu." CHAPTER V _ELISHA'S MIRACLES_ 2 KINGS iv. 1-44 We are now in the full tide of Elisha's miracles, and as regards many of them we can do little more than illustrate the text as it stands. The record of them clearly comes from some account prevalent in the schools of the prophets, which is however only fragmentary, and has been unchronologically pieced into the annals of the kings of Israel.