And the future of the express service concerns not only national morale, but also individual morale. Aside from a few serviceable and hitherto usually unappreciated social servants, whether in private or in public bodies, success in America has lain along the lines of private enterprise for private gain. For the first time, a widespread summons for service to the people has been able during the nineteen months of war to supplant in the hearts of our most capable administrators the summons to exploitation of the people. For nineteen months they have subordinated self and enthroned society. Shall we send them back to the limbo of self-aggrandizement or shall we carve out new paths for the development of character in our American citizens? For obviously the decades immediately at hand are to witness also a direct growth of the control of the workers over their industry, whether it be private or public industry. Who can hope to measure the gain in individual morale when a man realizes that his own advancement depends upon the extent to which he can serve others, not upon the extent to which he can serve himself; when such a public utility as the express companies is in the hands of administrators who have turned their attention away from endeavors to derive as high rates as possible from the public to endeavors to charge the public as low a rate as possible? If we hope to keep unnarrowed, and even to broaden, the present fields in which opportunity is given our fellow-citizens to devote their lives primarily to their fellows' service rather than primarily to their own gain, any national activity as socially-necessary and as nationally-significant as the express companies must inevitably revert in ownership to the nation to whose needs it ministers, and the men and women within the machinery of its operation must serve owners who are not a handful of individuals, but the people, all the people who make up America. APPENDIX EXPRESS CONTRACTS The contracts made by express companies with railroads usually provide that the railroad must: 1--Furnish facilities for the prompt transportation of express matter, accompanied by express messengers, on passenger and mail trains; in baggage and combination cars; or on special trains made up of express cars only. 2--Turn over to the express company, i. e., give it a monopoly of, all merchandise offered for transportation on passenger trains, except personal baggage, dogs, corpses, etc. 3--Refuse any other express company facilities for the transportation of express matter. 4--Grant the express company, wherever possible, space in railroad stations, without charge where such grant causes no extra expense to the railroad. 5--Grant free transportation to officers and employees of the express company, and for its personal property and supplies. 6--Permit its employees at stations, etc., wherever possible, to be agents also of the express company. On its side, the express company must: