The Extermination of the American BisonHornaday, William T. (William Temple)
History
The Extermination of the American Bison
Hornaday, William T. (William Temple)
American bison; Wildlife conservation -- United States -- Sources
At various times the legislatures of a few of the Western States and
Territories enacted laws vaguely and feebly intended to provide some
sort of protection to the fast disappearing animals. One of the first
was the game law of Colorado, passed in 1872, which declared that the
killers of game should not leave any flesh to spoil. The western game
laws of those days amounted to about as much as they do now; practically
nothing at all. I have never been able to learn of a single instance,
save in the Yellowstone Park, wherein a western hunter was prevented by
so simple and innocuous a thing as a game law from killing game. Laws
were enacted, but they were always left to enforce themselves. The idea
of the frontiersman (the average, at least) has always been to kill as
much game as possible before some other fellow gets a chance at it, _and
before it is all killed off_! So he goes at the game, and as a general
thing kills all he can while it lasts, and with it feeds himself and
family, his dogs, and even his hogs, to repletion. I knew one Montana
man north of Miles City who killed for his own use twenty-six black-tail
deer in one season, and had so much more venison than he could consume
or give away that a great pile of carcasses lay in his yard until spring
and spoiled.
During the existence of the buffalo it was declared by many an
impossibility to stop or prevent the slaughter. Such an accusation of
weakness and imbecility on the part of the General Government is an
insult to our strength and resources. The protection of game is now and
always has been simply a question of money. A proper code of game laws
and a reasonable number of salaried game-wardens, sworn to enforce them
and punish all offenses against them, would have afforded the buffalo as
much protection as would have been necessary to his continual existence.
To be sure, many buffaloes would have been killed on the sly in spite of
laws to the contrary, but it was wholesale slaughter that wrought the
extermination, and that could easily have been prevented. A tax of 50
cents each on buffalo robes would have maintained a sufficient number of
game-wardens to have reasonably regulated the killing, and maintained
for an indefinite period a bountiful source of supply of food, and also
raiment for both the white man of the plains and the Indian. By
judicious management the buffalo could have been made to yield an annual
revenue equal to that we now receive from the fur-seals--$100,000 per
year.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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