The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public BenefitsMandeville, Bernard
Philosophy
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits
Mandeville, Bernard
Charity-schools -- Early works to 1800; Ethics -- Early works to 1800; Virtue -- Early works to 1800
their officers, their pay, and the care that is taken of them, when
they are not wanted, must he not wonder how wretches can be so silly
as to be proud of being called gentlemen soldiers? Yet if there were
not, no art, discipline, or money, would be capable of making them
so brave as thousands of them are.
If we will mind what effects man's bravery, without any other
qualifications to sweeten him, would have out of an army, we shall find
that it would be very pernicious to the civil society; for if man could
conquer all his fears, you would hear of nothing but rapes, murders,
and violences of all sorts, and valiant men would be like giants
in romances: politics, therefore, discovered in men a mixed-metal
principle, which was a compound of justice, honesty, and all the moral
virtues joined to courage, and all that were possessed of it turned
knights-errant of course. They did abundance of good throughout the
world, by taming monsters, delivering the distressed, and killing the
oppressors: but the wings of all the dragons being clipped, the giants
destroyed, and the damsels every where set at liberty, except some few
in Spain and Italy, who remained still captivated by their monsters,
the order of chivalry, to whom the standard of ancient honour belonged,
has been laid aside some time. It was like their armours very massy and
heavy; the many virtues about it made it very troublesome, and as ages
grew wiser and wiser, the principle of honour in the beginning of the
last century was melted over again, and brought to a new standard; they
put in the same weight of courage, half the quantity of honesty, and
a very little justice, but not a scrap of any other virtue, which has
made it very easy and portable to what it was. However, such as it is,
there would be no living without it in a large nation; it is the tie
of society, and though we are beholden to our frailties for the chief
ingredient of it, there is no virtue, at least that I am acquainted
with, that has been half so instrumental to the civilizing of mankind,
who in great societies would soon degenerate into cruel villains and
treacherous slaves, were honour to be removed from among them.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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