The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public BenefitsMandeville, Bernard
Philosophy
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits
Mandeville, Bernard
Charity-schools -- Early works to 1800; Ethics -- Early works to 1800; Virtue -- Early works to 1800
I would have nobody that reflects on the mean original of honour,
complain of being gulled and made a property by cunning politicians,
but desire every body to be satisfied, that the governors of societies,
and those in high stations, are greater bubbles to pride than any
of the rest. If some great men had not a superlative pride, and
every body understood the enjoyment of life, who would be a lord
chancellor of England, a prime minister of state in France, or what
gives more fatigue, and not a sixth part of the profit of either, a
grand pensionary of Holland? The reciprocal services which all men pay
to one another, are the foundation of the society. The great ones are
not flattered with their high birth for nothing: it is to rouse their
pride, and excite them to glorious actions, that we extol their race,
whether it deserves it or not; and some men have been complimented with
the greatness of their family, and the merit of their ancestors, when
in the whole generation you could not find two but what were uxorious
fools, silly biggots, noted poltrons, or debauched whore-masters. The
established pride that is inseparable from those that are possessed of
titles already, makes them often strive as much not to seem unworthy
of them, as the working ambition of others that are yet without,
renders them industrious and indefatigable to deserve them. When a
gentleman is made a baron or an earl, it is as great a check upon
him in many respects, as a gown and cassock are to a young student
that has been newly taken into orders.
The only thing of weight that can be said against modern honour
is, that it is directly opposite to religion. The one bids you bear
injuries with patience; the other tells you if you do not resent them,
you are not fit to live. Religion commands you to leave all revenge
to God; honour bids you trust your revenge to nobody but yourself,
even where the law would do it for you: religion plainly forbids
murder; honour openly justifies it: religion bids you not shed blood
upon any account whatever; honour bids you fight for the least trifle:
religion is built on humility, and honour upon pride: how to reconcile
them must be left to wiser heads than mine.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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