The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public BenefitsMandeville, Bernard
Philosophy
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits
Mandeville, Bernard
Charity-schools -- Early works to 1800; Ethics -- Early works to 1800; Virtue -- Early works to 1800
dwellings, would be starved in spite of industry, only for want of
knowing where to sell the product of their labour, if there were not
others to dispose of it for them: And again, the rich and extravagant
are daily furnished with an infinite variety of superfluous knicknacks
and elaborate trifles, every one of them invented to gratify either
a needless curiosity, or else wantonness and folly; and which they
could never have thought of, much less wanted, had they never seen
or known where to buy them. What a blessing, then, to the public,
is the social toyman, who lays out a considerable estate to gratify
the desires of these two different classes of people? He procures
food and raiment for the deserving poor, and searches with great
diligence after the most skilful artificers, that no man shall be able
to produce better workmanship than himself: with studied civilities,
and a serene countenance, he entertains the greatest strangers; and,
often speaking to them first, kindly offers to guess at their wants:
He confines not his attendance to a few stated hours, but waits their
leisure all day long in an open shop, where he bears the summer's heat,
and winter's cold, with equal cheerfulness. What a beautiful prospect
is here of natural affection to our kind! For, if he acts from that
principle, who only furnishes us with necessaries of life, certainly
he shows a more superlative love and indulgence to his species, who
will not suffer the most whimsical of it to be an hour destitute of
what he shall fancy, even things the most unnecessary.
Hor. You have made the most of it indeed, but are you not tired yet
with these fooleries yourself?
Cleo. What fault do you find with these kind constructions; do they
detract from the dignity of our species?
Hor. I admire your invention, and thus much I will own, that,
by overacting the part in that extravagant manner, you have set
the social system in a more disadvantageous light than ever I had
considered it before: But the best things, you know, may be ridiculed.
Cleo. Whether I know that or not, Lord Shaftsbury has flatly denied
it; and takes joke and banter to be the best and surest touchstone
to prove the worth of things: It is his opinion, that no ridicule can
be fastened upon what is really great and good. His Lordship has made
use of that test to try the Scriptures and the Christian religion by,
and exposed them because it seems they could not stand it.
Hor. He has exposed superstition, and the miserable notions the vulgar
were taught to have of God; but no man ever had more sublime ideas
of the Supreme Being, and the universe, than himself.
Cleo. You are convinced, that what I charge him with is true.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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